218 FUNGUS-FLOE A. 



On hard decorticated wood. 



Unknown to me. Some additional details over those 

 given by Phillips are derived from a sketch b} r the author. 

 The cortex consists of parallel hyphae radiating from base to 

 margin. The pruinose outside of the ascophore is due to the 

 presence of white granules. 



Helotium Sowerbyi. Mass. 



Scattered, stipitate, closed and subglobose at first, then 

 expanding and becoming saucer-shaped or almost plane ; disc 

 orange-red, externally pale and minutely pulverulent, 

 3-5 mm. across ; stem 1-3 mm. long, pale, gradually ex- 

 panding upwards into the ascophore ; hypotheciurn and 

 excipulum hyaline, consisting entirely of interwoven hy- 

 phae, which pass into a small-celled, parenchymatous cortex ; 

 asci narrowly cylindric-clavate, apex slightly narrowed, 

 8-spored ; spores irregularly 2-seriate upwards, or sometimes 

 almost entirely obliquely 1 -seriate, hyaline, smooth, straight 

 or very slightly curved, narrowly elliptic-oblong, ends rather 

 obtuse, 8-12 X 4-5 /x, eventually becoming 1-septate ; para- 

 physes slender, hyaline, only very slightly thickened at the 

 tip. 



Peziza araneosa, Sowerby, Fungi, t. 365, fig. 5 ; Cooke, 

 Mycogr., fig. 55 ; Phil., Brit. Disc, p. 92. 



Humaria araneosa, Sacc, Syll., viii. n. 466. 



On wood and bark of willow, &c. ; often among moss. 



Sowerby's specimen now in Herb. Berk., Kew, examined. 



Sowerby's fungus is a true Helotium, wmereas Humaria 

 araneosa, the species Sowerby supposed it might possibly be, 

 is a true Humaria, growing on the ground, and not yet 

 recorded for Britain. 



Helotium calyculus. Berk., OutL, p. 372. 

 Scattered or gregarious, stipitate, at first closed, then ex- 

 panding until slightly concave or quite plane, rather fleshy 

 and firm ; disc clear yellowish brown, externally sometimes 

 a little paler, glabrous, margin incurved when dry, 2-3 mm. 

 broad; stem about 2 mm. long, rather stout, expanding 

 upwards into the base of the ascophore, brown, glabrous; 

 hypotheciurn and excipulum composed of slender, hyaline, 

 intricately interwoven hyphae, passing into a parenchy- 

 matous cortex of oblong cells elongated in the direction from 



