Future Directions 



• Livemiore's highest priority is to complete, to the extent possible, an ordered-clone 

 map of chromosome 19. This map will likely be a composite linear array of co.smid, 

 lambda, and YAC clones. Other goals are to correlate this physical map with the 

 genetic map and assist the .scientific community in the localization and i.solation of 

 all the genes from chromosome 19. Livermore researchers will use state-of-the-art 

 sequencing technology to sequence selected high-interest regions of the 

 chromosome. Once the technology for map construction for a large portion of 

 chromosome 19 has been validated, they will scale their efforts to other 

 chromosomes. 



• At some point in the human genome project, emphasis will shift from mapping to 

 sequencing. Livermore plans to use large fragments such as cosmids or YACs as 

 templates to explore rapid DNA sequencing methods that can be automated. The 

 STM and X-ray imaging technologies at Livemiore will be utilized in th-? 

 sequencing effort, if appropriate. 



• Because automation is an essential element of the physical mapping process. 

 Livermore will continue to explore new processes and instruments to reduce the 

 need for human involvement in the highly repetitive tasks. For example, LLNL will 

 complete the development of a prototype cosmid DNA extractor and evaluate its 

 utility. A number of other instruments for clone manipulation and biochemical 

 processes will also be considered for automation. 



• To assist in the completion of the ordered clone maps, Livermore's interaction with 

 the scientific community is critical and will continue to be given high priority. An 

 LLNL facility will serve as a resource laboratory for clones and for map 

 information on chromosomes of interest. Ultimately, map and sequence infomiation 

 developed at Livermore will be used to study the global architecture of the 

 chromosome and to evaluate somatic and genetic variation, spontaneous and 

 induced, in man. 



For more information on human genome research at LLNL, please contact 

 Anthony V. Carrano at (415) 422-5698 or FTS 532-5698. 



