Appendix C: 

 Glossary 



Translation: The process in which the genetic code carried by niRNA directs the 

 synthesis of proteins from amino acids. Compare iiciiiscrlpHdii. 



Uracil: A nitrogenous base nomiaily found in RNA but not DNA: uracil is capable of 

 forming a base pair with adenine. 



Vector: See cloniiii; vector. 



Virus: A nonceliular biological entity that can reproduce only within a host cell. 

 Viruses consist of nucleic acid covered by protein: some animal viruses are also 

 surrounded by membrane. Inside the infected cell, the virus uses the synthetic 

 capability of the host to produce progeny virus. 



VLSI: Computer jargon: literally, "very large system integrated" (i.e.. 10.000 to 

 100.000 transistors on a chip). 



Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs): Cloning vectors [containing centromere 



(CEN) and autonomous-replication sequences (ARS)| that are derived from yeast 

 chromosomes, eukaryotic telomere sequences, and a number of biochemical 

 marker genes. 



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