particularly, the Public Health Service, be revised to 

 include special authority to engage in health 

 activities that have global dimensions. Section 1458 

 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 is an example 

 of the kind of action that is needed. This section 

 explicitly authorizes the Department of Agriculture to 

 "expand [its] coordination. . .with institutions and 

 other persons throughout the world" by exchanging 

 research materials and conducting joint research and 

 extension. We believe that legislation of this sort is 

 needed more widely at federal and state levels. 



A further need is to increase incentives for work 

 on development-related problems within the U.S. 

 scientific and technical communities. Adjustments of 

 topical priorities in government and university 

 allocations of research, fellowship, and scholarship 

 funds may be the most important line of action the 

 United states could take in order to raise the status 

 of research in development fields. 



International prizes and honors for distinguished 

 achievement in science and technology for development 

 might also be incentives. Such awards, toward which 

 the United States might offer to contribute, could be 

 patterned after those given by the Magsaysay Foundation 

 in the Philippines, where an international committee 

 awards five $10,000 prizes to individuals resident in 

 Asia who have performed outstanding service to their 

 community. 



MODES OF INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION 



A guest ion faced throughout this report is how best 

 to reconcile several organizational objectives: 

 strengthening capabilities in developing countries for 

 finding and applying suitable technology; enabling them 

 to make fuller use of worldwide scientific and 

 technical capabilities; invigorating worldwide 

 processes for solving major development problems and 

 establishing the critical mass of technical resources 

 needed to overcome these problems; keeping the costs of 

 all this within feasible bounds; and attracting high 

 guality technical participation from developed 

 countries on a continuing basis. To meet these 

 difficult requirements, our panels have sought modes of 

 strengthening continuing, systematic collaboration 

 among organizations in all countries that are 

 addressing a common problem. Such collaborative 

 systems are freguently referred to in the development 

 literature and in this report as research or research 

 and development or problem- solving "networks." 

 Experience has shown that research networks can be 

 effective under suitable circumstances, for example, 



35 



