for the first time, Cornell University has received 

 permission from the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization 

 Service to place foreign engineering students in work- 

 study programs involving a one-year industrial 

 experience for pay. U.S. companies are interested in 

 students from those developing countries in which their 

 subsidiaries are located. While the absorptive 

 capacity of U.S. industry is limited, a few carefully 

 structured programs similar to the Cornell effort could 

 be useful. Another possibility for tapping this source 

 would be funding of adjunct professorships at 

 engineering schools to be filled on a temporary basis 

 by persons with industrial experience in developing 

 countries who would take short leaves of absence. 

 Other forms of industrial-academic liaison can be 

 envisaged. 



A number of technology-based U.S. companies have 

 developed sophisticated short courses for maintaining 

 the high skills of their managers. Courses in the 

 management of research and development projects are 

 considered valuable in the development of executives, 

 and some companies have indicated a willingness to work 

 with U.S. universities to adapt their short courses to 

 make them more useful to students from developing 

 countries. We suggest that a series of short courses 

 be developed for use in this country and abroad by 

 means of a cooperative effort between interested U.S. 

 companies and universities. Clearly, this initiative 

 would most benefit developing nations that send large 

 numbers of students to the United States (mostly "post- 

 AID" nations) . 



Initiative 3. Revitalize Productivity Centers 



in Developing Nations 



A problem common to developing nations is low 

 productivity of labor which implies low wage rates and 

 low per capita income. If overall labor productivity 

 could be increased in developing nations, wage rates 

 would also likely increase. 



In the 19 50s, the United States supported 

 establishment of productivity centers in developing 

 countries, which provided a wide range of extension and 

 other productivity-oriented services to local 

 industries, especially small and medium-sized firms. 

 The International Labour Organisation also supported 

 this effort. However, with the decline in support for 

 industrialization within the U.S. foreign aid program 

 since the 1960s, productivity centers and related 

 activities no longer receive sufficient assistance, 

 even though they are regarded as one of AID«s more 

 successful technology transfer programs. 



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