activities in these areas through the U.N. Development 

 Programme and the international financial institutions, 

 and it has recently begun to revive an interest in 

 providing bilateral assistance. Its reputation for 

 technological achievement continues to attract a steady 

 stream of students, professionals, and orders for 

 equipment from developing countries. Moreover, the 

 United states and international scientific communities, 

 stimulated by recent U.N. conferences, have expressed 

 interest in broader collaboration on problems affecting 

 the global ecosystem; many of the international 

 scientific unions, U.N. agencies, and other 

 international bodies rely heavily on U.S. support. 



We recommend that activities in all these areas be 

 strengthened and given higher priority within the U.S. 

 development effort. In this chapter we identify seven 

 topics 1 that seem particularly promising for an 

 expanded U.S. role: 



1 . Comprehensive planning for energy development and 

 utilization 



2. Development of indigenous energy resources for 

 local utilization 



3. Sustained, multiple use of forest resources 



4. Water resources planning and management 



5. Effective use of marine resources 



6. Remote sensing from space for resource mapping and 

 assessment 



7. Improved use of pesticides 



These topics cannot be narrowly classified as 

 addressing energy, natural resource, or environmental 

 concerns because of their obvious interrelationships. 

 For example, the multifaceted role of solar energy is 

 highlighted in the discussion of indigenous energy 

 resources, but it is obviously important in considering 

 the use of forests. Environmental concerns, in 

 particular, cut across all of the proposed 

 undertakings . 



We have not suggested initiatives regarding 

 exploration or development of oil, gas, or minerals, 

 even though the United States pioneered the development 

 of many of the technologies now used worldwide and many 

 countries will rely heavily on fossil fuels for years 

 to come. For these and other areas, the commercial 

 channels for acquiring relevant technology are 

 reasonably clear and established. Similarly, countries 

 interested in nuclear power are aware of the many 

 governmental and commercial channels available for 

 assistance in this area. 



Most of the programs we propose would be supported 

 by the U.S. government, although substantial 

 contributions by U.S. industry would be needed for 



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