New technology and techniques that could be applied in 

 developing countries are already available in the 

 public sector, including the use of remote sensing to 

 conduct water resources inventories, and waste water 

 treatment techniques such as ANFLO. 2 



A model for the successful transfer of scientific 

 and technical assistance in this area might be the work 

 of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) , the U.S. 

 Geological Survey (USGS) , the Agricultural Extension 

 Service, or regional water planning commissions such as 

 the Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Easin. 

 In addition, U.S. universities, either through AID or 

 on a university-to-university basis, can continue to 

 help train in-country personnel in data collection and 

 assessment, water quality monitoring, and management 

 techniques. 



Althouqh the United States has played a leading 

 role in the development of water resource programs 

 through governmental and private institutions, 3 it has 

 generally focused on dilution and capital-intensive 

 treatment facilities. It can gain insight from the 

 experiences of other nations in other areas of water 

 resource management (e.g., irrigation practices in the 

 Middle East) . The development of next-generation 

 treatment methods, especially smaller unit size, and 

 low-cost water treatment systems could be encouraged by 

 the development of new markets abroad, possibly 

 preceding U.S. domestic market use. 



Proposed Initiatives 



We recommend that the United States offer to follow 

 up on the U.N. Water Conference by collaborating with 

 developing countries in such activities as examining 

 the feasibility of (1) using systems such as ANFLO that 

 are commercially available or in the public domain; (2) 

 developing new standards for water quality evaluation 

 that may be more appropriate than E. coli counts and 

 other traditional measures; and (3) introducing systems 

 for internal recycling and recovery in industrial 

 plants during construction (e.g., pulp and paper 

 mills) . 



In preparation for the U.N. Water Conference, the 

 U.S. Water Resources Council and the State Department 

 identified U.S. programs and personnel with 

 capabilities in water resource planning and management 

 that are available to work with developing countries. 

 We suggest that the United States assess this 

 information and make it available to developing 

 countries. Proposals from developing countries for 

 financial assistance (cost-sharing) to use these 



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