potentially important role of private U.S. corporations 

 which was based on an extensive dialogue with 

 representatives of the business community. 



The National Research Council established an 

 Executive Committee to take responsibility for this 

 report. The Committee consists of the chairmen of five 

 panels which covered the various subject areas, the 

 Foreign Secretaries of the National Academy of sciences 

 and the National Academy of Engineering, the chairman 

 of the Committee on International Health of the 

 Institute of Medicine, and myself as overall chairman. 

 The subject areas covered are: 



-- industrialization; 



— health, nutrition, and population; 

 -- food, climate, soil, and water; 



— energy, natural resources, and environment; 

 urbanization, transportation, and communication. 



Chapters 2-6 of this report are based on the panel 

 reports. 



The work of our panels was supplemented by views 

 and suggestions received at four public forums, 

 including written materials submitted by attendees or 

 other interested parties during and after these forums. 

 Held in mid- January in New York, Atlanta, St. Louis, 

 and San Francisco, the forums attracted about 400 

 participants, primarily representing civic, public 

 interest, and business organizations, and the academic 

 community. 



This report offers a wide range of possible 

 initiatives, selected from much larger lists initially 

 identified by the panels and other sources. Our 

 purpose is to suggest enough options to permit 

 substantial scope for selectivity. 



It is not the purpose of this report to recommend 

 an overall policy on development for the U.S. 

 government or overall organization to handle science 

 and technology in development. Clearly, however, an 

 adequate program of initiatives along the lines 

 suggested in this report will not be fully realized 

 unless a strong mechanism is created within the 

 government to guide U.S. policies and programs for 

 applying science and technology to development, and to 

 help the agencies and departments that are responsible 

 for specific initiatives gain the authorization and 

 funds to carry them out properly. President Cartels 

 recent decision to establish a Foundation for 

 Technological Cooperation within a new U.S. development 

 assistance organization creates an important 

 opportunity to achieve these purposes. 



On behalf of the Executive Committee and the 

 National Research Council, I gratefully acknowledge the 



iv 



