land can be bought by urban development agencies at 

 prices that do not already reflect development 

 prospects, the substantial increases in value that are 

 subsequently realized can be captured in the lease of 

 properties to industry and commerce. In such cases, 

 international loans could be secured by rising land 

 values and city-building agencies could use part of the 

 returns for financing community facilities. 



The United States has had some disappointing 

 experiences in its own community-building efforts and 

 could learn as much as any country from the experiences 

 of others. However, this country does have useful 

 system design capabilities, technological components, 

 and skills that could be of great help in cooperative 

 undertakings with other countries. To meet immediate 

 training needs and to strengthen its own resources for 

 community-building, w e recommend that the United States 

 (1) encourage development of domestic institutions that 

 can conduct research and provide courses relevant to 

 developing countries, and (2) support long-term 

 relationships between urban agencies in the United 

 States and developing countries. 



10. Planning Transportation Systems 



Transport services absorb a substantial portion of 

 the capital budgets of all countries. In developing 

 economies, the proportion is often as high as 25 to 35 

 percent of total public investments. And, since each 

 method of transport is likely to be built and operated 

 independently of the others, bottlenecks, redundancies, 

 and inefficiencies often result. 



No U.S. agency is concerned, on an adequate scale, 

 with transportation as a whole in relation to 

 development. Some university centers are moving in 

 that direction, however, and the U.S. Department of 

 Transportation is positioning itself to exploit the 

 relationships between transport and considerations of 

 land use, energy, productivity, employment, and the 

 quality of life. 



We recommend that the United states offer broad 

 support for a number of international activities that 

 would improve transportation infrastructure in 

 developing countries and at the same time produce 

 insights into U.S. transport problems. A key to 

 progress in this field could be the establishment of a 

 research and development network, sponsored by the 

 World Bank or other concerned international agency. 

 Research centers within such a network would focus on 

 improving systems for transport planning as well as on 

 innovative, resource-conserving transport solutions for 

 national needs. The possibilities of substituting 



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