development and training. These stations would help 

 ensure that regional research activities were focused 

 on real problems and would help train the better 

 qualified specialists that are sorely needed. Research 

 facilities of the U.S. Forest Service, university 

 forestry schools, and industrial firms should also be 

 integrated into this network. These organizations 

 could assist developing countries both by training 

 personnel from those countries in the United States and 

 by providing advisers. 



Comprehensive Analysis . This scientific thrust 

 must be accompanied by improved forest planning and 

 policy capabilities in developing countries. For 

 example, as new demands for forest products arise 

 (e.g., for fuel production), it is important to 

 identify uses that can be filled by other resources 

 (e.g., stone, ferrocement, and gypsum for lumber). 

 Other constraints on more effective management of 

 forest resources include: institutional factors 

 including laws and regulations that inhibit effective 

 management and utilization, inadequate education and 

 training, and inappropriate land ownership and 

 concession policies; inadequate harvesting, 

 transportation, and processing facilities; poor 

 information on forest inventories, species 

 identification, wood properties, and potential uses; 

 undeveloped markets, inadequate industrial capability, 

 and inappropriate marketing practices; inadequate 

 perception of the economic and environmental 

 significance of forestry potential; and a propensity to 

 focus more on near-term increases in forest 

 productivity (generally energy-intensive) than on long- 

 term, sustainable forest management. In the past, a 

 number of developing countries have sought assistance 

 from the United states and FAO on forest planning and 

 policy, and both should be prepared to respond to such 

 requests in the future. 



U. Water Resource Planning and Management 



The basic goal of water resource planning and 

 management is to provide, to the greatest extent 

 possible, water in sufficient quality and quantity for 

 a specific use without adversely affecting its 

 availability and quality for other uses. A related 

 management problem is to set priorities for water use 

 given various needs and water availability. 



The planning and management of water resources in 

 developing nations pose many of the same problems that 

 confront the United States. These include effectively 

 managing water as a natural resource given its many 

 essential uses — for agriculture, energy production, 



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