causality of large-scale effects, in particular on the 

 coupling between the oceans and the coastal shelf 

 circulation in a number of areas of the world and how 

 these events may fuel the fluctuations observed in 

 basic productivity in major fisheries. 



We need to learn more, perhaps by continuing IDOE, 

 about the nature of the linkages involved in these 

 oceanic processes, extending our understanding of 

 atmospheric/oceanic coupling so that eventually we will 

 be able to predict biological productivity in irajor 

 world fisheries, destructive climatic forces such as 

 typhoons, and beneficial conditions such as the onset 

 of the monsoons. 



Within the U.S. oceanographic community, there is 

 considerable interest in extending large-scale 

 international cooperative studies through the 1980s. 

 However, such extensive studies will be possible only 

 with the availability of the oceanographic facilities 

 and ships of the developed countries, coupled with the 

 interest and participation of developing countries so 

 as to provide open access to specific geographical 

 areas of the global marine environments. 



Future U.S. research in foreign waters will 

 necessarily be cooperative if access is to be approved. 

 Foreign scientists should participate in the planning 

 and conduct of the research and in the analysis of its 

 results. Data and samples should be shared, and 

 coastal states should receive assistance in assessing 

 both. 



And yet, many developing countries are only now 

 beginning to recognize the need for personnel trained 

 in an understanding of the marine environment and for 

 an accurate evaluation, both short-term and long-term, 

 of its resources. The five to seven years required for 

 advanced training in foreign universities, coupled with 

 the fact that some postgraduates elect not to return to 

 their home institution, has further delayed the 

 development of those trained scientific and technical 

 personnel necessary for assessment and management. 

 Even where trained personnel exist, shorebased marine 

 facilities are often inadequate and ocean-going 

 capabilities completely lacking. 



Cooperative research programs will likely help 

 coastal developing countries strengthen their marine 

 science capabilities. This process can be accelerated 

 by means of a systematic, adequately funded, and 

 deliberate assistance effort aimed at the cooperative 

 creation of strong marine science institutions. 





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