1839.] DEPARTURE PROM VALFARAISO. 107 



except the mine is six hundred feet deep. With a lighted 

 candle in a cloven stick grasped in his hand, and over two 

 hundred pounds of ore on his back, twelve times in the. day, 

 where the mine is not over eighty yards deep, the apire climbs 

 the notched trees placed in a zig-zag line up the shaft, ami 

 during the intervals is employed in breaking and picking 

 ore. Yet, notwithstanding this great tax upon his physical 

 powers, he appears healthy and cheerful. On reaching the 

 surface with his carpdcho he is nearly overcome, and the 

 perspiration rolls down in streams ; but after depositing his 

 burden on the pile of ores, a few seconds serve to revive him, 

 and he again descends the mine at a quick pace, and with a 

 light step. 



Two principal persons — the proprietor, and the habilitddor 

 — are usually concerned in a mine. The proprietor is the 

 actual miner ; he resides at his hacienda near the mine, the 

 working of which he superintends, and supplies his laborers 

 with vegetables and meat from his farm. The habilitddor 

 is the capitalist, who resides at one of the seaport towns, and 

 manages the financial affairs of the partnership. The melt- 

 ing-house is generally built on the hacienda, and where the 

 mine is distant, the ore is brought from it on the backs of 

 mules. 



(9.) The Porpoise sailed from Valparaiso for Callao on the 

 26th of May, and the remainder of the squadron got under 

 way on the 6th of June. The Peacock and Flying Fish 

 came to anchor in the harbor of Callao, under the island of 

 San Lorenzo, on the 18th of June, and the Vincennes joined 

 them on the 20th. 



