68 Transactions. — Botany. 



from 10-15 cm. in length are given off. At the base of the 

 stem they sometimes reach 40 cm. in length. These are 

 similar in general appearance to the main stem, and bear 

 alternate leaves. They are sometimes themselves again 

 slightly pinnately subdivided. On the lower half of the stem 

 the branches are frequently abraded, leaving only alternate 

 tooth-like projections to mark their original positions. The 

 leaves are somewhat variable in dimensions and shape, 

 10-20 mm. long and 2-5 mm. broad, linear to lanceolate, and 

 frequently falcate, acute to acuminate, entire or sinuous, 

 ecostate, sessile or very shortly stipitate, thicker and more 

 coriaceous than the leaves of C. 2)hyllantJms or C. maschalo- 

 carintm. Bladders spherical, pear-shaped, or elliptical, api- 

 culate or bearing small leaflets on the summit 1-2 cm. in 

 length, few in number, and replacing the leaves. Eeceptacles 

 minute, borne in fascicles in the axils of the leaves, the main 

 stem of the fascicle being persistent. I append a photograph 

 of a dried specimen. Plate Y., fig. 1. 



87. Garpophylhim phyllanthus , Turn., Hist., iv., tab. 206. 

 Plate v., fig. 2. ; Plate VII., /, g, h. 



This plant is by no means so common as C. maschalo- 

 carpuvi, but it is generally to be found in deep tidal pools any- 

 where along the coast. As there has been much confusion as 

 to the species of this genus, I give photographs of typical 

 specimens of each, which will enable them to be more readily 

 distinguished than by much description ; and also drawings of 

 typical leaves. 



88. Carpojjhylhnn maschalocarp%im, Turn., Hist., iv., tab. 205. 

 Plate VI., fig. 1, 2, and Plate VII., a, c. 



Everywhere abundant. 



This plant is ordinarily very distinct from the previous, but 

 intermediate forms are sometimes found. There are many 

 varieties ; to one distinct form I propose to give the name 

 " laxicm." 



C. maschalocarpum, var. laxum, R. M. L. This differs 

 from the ordinary forin in the more sinuous stems, much 

 more open habit, narrower, more acute, sometimes acuminate 

 leaves. It is apparently distinct also in its habitat, as I 

 have only found it growing at the Sugar-loaves, Taranaki, 

 and in the drift-weed occasionally at Island Bay (Wellington). 

 Intermediate forms exist between this and the common form. 

 I append a photograph of the plani. 



89. Carp)opliylhim ^;/?^??ios«?«, J. Ag. {Sarq. ^;Z?/7?tos?/??i .• 

 PI. Nov.-Zel., p. 212). Plate VI., fig. 3, and Plate VII., d, e. 

 Many previous collectors have stated that this plant is very 



common on the New Zealand coasts. Berggren collected it 



