188 Transactions. — Geology. 



trict. The deposits which were carried down the valley at 

 Puketapu make their appearance at Eedcliffe, and are seen 

 again in the direction of the Kidnappers, where they form 

 cliffs several hundreds of feet in height. 



It is needless to speak as to the general characters of 

 these beds ; they have already been described by me. It is 

 clear that important surface changes have taken place since 

 the deposition of the conglomerates. Elevation and depres- 

 sion have alike been active ; lateral and transverse valleys 

 have been worn down in a hundred places, but the remnants 

 that remain enable the past to be read in unmistakable 

 language. 



Height of mountains, 5,000 ft. ; Puketitiri 1,800 ft. 



The following is a cross-section from the Kawekas to 

 Napier : — 



(1.) Trias. (4.) Pleistocene. 



(2.) Miocene. (5.) Post-pliocene. 



(3.) Pliocene. (6.) Recent. 



Art. XXIII. — On the Volcanoes of the Pacific. 



By Coleman Phillips. 



[Read before the Wellington Philosophical Society, 12th December, ISOQ.} 



Third Line or Area of Elevation. 



Having completed my second line of activity, "''' I will now 

 follow the third line or area of elevation west to east along 

 the 20th parallel of south latitude, which includes the greatest 

 breadth, as it were, of the Pacific volcanic groups, from the 

 coral sea bordering Australia to Easter Island ; although here 

 again it might be more correct for me to include the volcanic 

 islands in the Malay Archipelago itself, and make the area one 

 of elevation from Sumatra to a little to the eastward of Easter 



* See Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol xxxi., Art. xlix. 



