White. — About the Native Names for Places. 351 



hostility or revengeful attack of his alHes, would claim that 

 the road leading in that direction was iwi-tua-roa (his back- 

 bone or spinal column), after which assertion any hostile 

 party who went by that road or ara-tapu would incur the 

 penalty of a reckoning with the protecting chief. But, owing 

 to the Maori greatly fearing any sort of tapu, there was little 

 risk of any authorised form of tapic being broken. 



Puke,'"ei hill," gives the folowing place-names: Puke- 

 tapu, near Napier, "the sacred hill"; Puke-kohe, "the hill 

 where grows the kohe-tree (Dysoxylum spectabile) ; Puke-atua, 

 "of the Spirit (or God)." 



Maanga, " a mountain," from which comes Maunga-tu- 

 roto (probably short for tu-roto-ioaenga, "standing within, or 

 in the midst or middle of, or near, a lake ") : This may be a 

 hill surrounded by a plain, or a hill between two other hills. 

 Maunga-tua, "a mountain with a ridged top," south of 

 Dunedin. 



Manga, "a branch stream," gives Manga-one, " the stream 

 of the sand or of earthy water " ; Manga-rangiora, " the stream 

 of the rangiora shrub" (also called wairangi, a shrub some- 

 times eaten by cattle, but said to be poisonous to the horse) ; 

 Manga-kuri, "the stream of the dog." This word is often 

 shortened to " Ma," as Ma-harahara, " the small stream " ; 

 also Ma-kuri, " of the dog " ; Ma-karetu, " of the sweet-smell- 

 ing twitch-like grass" [Hierochloe redolens). 



Pa, " a fenced village (or fort)," gives Pa-toka, " the fort 

 on the rock"; Pa-i-kaka-riki, "the village of the green 

 parrot " {i.e., parrakeet), on the Wellington-Manawatu Rail- 

 way-line ; Pa-karaka, of a small fruit-bearing tree {Goryno- 

 carpus IcBvigata) ; Pa-kowhai, of a tree (Sophora tetraptera). 



Of miscellaneous names are Kiri-kiri, " the place where 

 gravel or small water- worn stones are abundant " ; Kiri-paka, 

 "the place of the flint-stone"; Kai-kora, "little to eat," or 

 " fragments of food " ; Kai-koura, " the feast of crayfish." 



Kai-manawa, the name of a range of mountains (" eat 

 heart ") : This name may have the same origin as Manawa-tu, 

 described previously. [Note : Manawa-nui = patience ; as 

 Bunyan says in "The Pilgrim's Progress," "Keep a good 

 heart, Mr. So-and-so."] 



Tara-rua (Mountains) may mean, " having two peaks or 

 cones." A noted chief of olden times was named Tara, and, 

 according to the Rev. W. Colenso, the Te ^ute Lake was 

 called, after him, " Roto-a-tara," or "Tara Lake." Mr. Elsdon 

 Best tells us that Wellington Harbour is also named Whanga- 

 nui-o-tara, " the large bay of Tara." At the same time tara 

 is the name for several kinds of seagulls, as tara-nui, tara-iti, 

 &c. The latter writer also says that the chief Tara at one 

 time occupied an extensive pa near the place we now name 



