Chilton. — On Nciv Zealand Fresh-water Crayfish. 15 



the carapace, is much longer, being nearly one-half as long 

 as a line drawn from the cervical groove to the anterior end 

 of the rostrum ; the hand, too, is provided with shorter 

 fingers, and the lower half of the hand is more heavily tuber- 

 culate both on the inner and outer faces." 



Large specimens from Koto-iti and Napier have the sides 

 of the carapace thickly set with blunt tubercles, which become 

 spiny only on the hepatic and pterygostomian regions and 

 along the cervical groove ; but in similar large specimens from 

 Nelson all the tubercles tend to assume the form of spines. 

 Specimens from Wellington and Pelorus Eiver, Marlborough, 

 have the lateral rostral spines increased in number and 

 reduced to short, blunt teeth, and the antennal scale short 

 and broad, broadest at the middle, with very convex internal 

 border, and thus vary in the direction of Paranephrops 

 zealandicus. 



As I have already shown in my previous paper, Parane- 

 phrops planifrons is widely distributed in the North Island, 

 and also occurs in the north-west portion of the South Island, 

 the most southerly locality from which it has been recorded 

 being Greymouth. 



2. Paranephrops zealandicus, White. 



Astacus zealandicus, White, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 15 , 



p. 123 (1847). Paranephrops neo-zelanicus, Chilton (in 



part). Trans. N.Z. Inst., xxi., p. 249 (1888). Paranephrops 



zealandicus, Faxon, Proc. United States Nat. Mus., vol. 



. XX., p. 680 (1898). 



In this species " the chela is much shorter and broader 



than in P. planifrons, and it is furnished with conspicuous 



dense tufts of silky hair, disposed in longitudinal rows. The 



upper margin of the hand is armed with a series of prominent 



spines, continued as a double row on the margin of the 



dactylus. The lower margin of the hand is furnished with a 



double row of shorter spinous teeth. The outer face of the 



hand is provided with a few tubercles, which seldom develope 



any spinous points ; the inner face bears two longitudinal rows 



of short teeth. The rostrum is armed on each side with small, 



blunt teeth, usually five in number, but in some individuals 



three, four, or six ; the inferior edge is either unarmed or else 



provided with one or two acute teeth ; a median carina runs 



over the gastric area, ceasing abreast of the anterior pair of 



post-orbital spines, the rostrum proper being wholly destitute 



of a median dorsal keel. In small specimens the sides of the 



carapace are smooth, or at the most reveal only the slightest 



trace of low rounded papillae ; but in large specimens, that 



have attained a length of 115 mm. or more, the sides of the 



carapace are thickly studded with rounded tubercles. The 



