22 (2/) Juga appeanng as pegs to usually short ndges, usually straight but sometimes crescent shaped, sometimes ccia- 

 iescing with perithecium at base; thallus usually dark olive green but lighter and with fewer juga in shade; pen- 



thecia hemispherical, often shiny (Fig. 40); spores 6-11 x 3-5^m 



. Vernwana d it mar sic a 



Figure 40, —a. Vertical section or perithecium. Scale is 0.1 mm. b. Thallus of Verrucaria ditmarsica 



Scale is I mm. 



22 {21) Juga broader, irregular, and sometimes branched (Fig. 41) 



.23 



Figure 41.— Thallus with broad, sometimes branched 

 juga. Scale is 1 mm. 



23 {22) Juga conspicuous, highly irregular, frequently branched, raised or immersed and appearing as conspicuous black 

 spots in wet thallus. often merged with penthecia; wet thallus usuall) brown to amber and translucent (Fig. 42): 

 penthecia up to 0.3 mm diameter, spores 8-9 x 4.5-7^m Verrucaha crichscnii 



Figure 42. — a. Vertical section of 

 perithecium. Scale is II. 1 mm. h. 

 Thallus of Verrucaria erichsenii. 

 Scale is I mm. 



14 



