water resources for aquaculture production, improvement of present 

 facilities, and techniques to achieve maximum production. Channel 

 catfish, bait minnows, and rainbow trout are the species most 

 commonly cultured for profit, but information is provided for other 

 species as well. 



TVA's Office of Agricultural and Chemical Development (OACD) has 

 responsibility for developing aquaculture methods which are 

 compatible with organic fertilization practices. Several systems 

 are being developed to treat organic wastes from confined livestock 

 facilities, fuel alcohol plants, and heavily fed fish culture 

 ponds. OACD is conducting basic and applied research related to 

 propagating fish and plant species which perform well in 

 organically fertilized systems. Fishery stocks being evaluated 

 include tilapia (five species) , Asiatic carps (three species) , and 

 the giant Malaysian prawn. A tilapia overwintering facility 

 (100,000 fingerling capacity) is in operation at TVA's waste heat 

 research station located in northern Alabama. Warm condenser 

 cooling water from the Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant is used to 

 maintain fingerlings and broodstock tilapia during winter months. 

 In the spring, this facility doubles as a hatchery and nursery for 

 producing straight-line and hybrid tilapia stocks which are sent to 

 cooperating universities for yield trial evaluations. OACD also 

 maintains several stocks of the Chinese water chestnut, an emergent 

 aquatic plant, which is under evaluation as an aquatic crop for 

 reclaiming nutrients from municipal and agricultural wastes. 



Long-range objectives are to increase aquaculture production within 

 the Tennessee Valley by encouraging individuals to use available 

 water resources. TVA funding for aquaculture programs was 

 approximately $275,000 in FY 1982. 



State and Territorial Governments 



Many States and territories are involved in support of aquaculture 

 either directly or indirectly through one or more of their agencies 

 or through the college and university system. Activities include 

 basic and applied research, extension and advisory services, 

 assessment of markets and potential economic benefits, issuance of 

 permits and leases, demonstration facilities, stocking for 

 enhancement purposes, and cultured product inspection. 



Realizing the potential of aquaculture, a number of States and 

 territories have developed or are in the process of developing 

 aquaculture plans (e.g.; California, Guam, Hawaii, Louisiana, 

 Maine, Missouri, Rhode Island, and Texas). Some States are 

 drafting legislation and establishing policy to expedite 

 development, ease regulatory constraints, and reduce and simplify 

 the mass of red tape involved in the permit process. Hawaii has 

 increased the availability of loan capital which is contributing 

 significantly to the establishment of a successful prawn farming 

 industry. 



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