72 Transactions. — Zoology. 



to water, they may be studied with ahiiost as much advantage 

 as in their native habitat. Having several species of Penguin 

 associated together in this way, I was much struck with 

 the wide difference in their natural disposition and habits of 

 life. Even individuals exhibit differences of character ; but 

 as between the species these differences are very marked. 



The ordinary attitude of the Eoyal Penguin is half upright, 

 souietimes with both flippers extended, then one depressed, 

 then both, just as if the bird w^as signalling to his fellows by 

 semaphore. 



Eudyptes pachyrhynchus. (The Victoria Penguin.) 



The name of Rock-hopper, by which Pygoscelis tceniatus is 

 known, might well be applied to this species. It moves along 

 the ground with great celerity, and generally surmounts small 

 bushes and other obstacles in its way by jumping clean over 

 them. I have known one voluntarily enter a house and 

 ascend the back staircase, right to the landing, hopping up 

 step by step. It moves about through the scrub very deftly, 

 picking its steps in a very cautious catlike manner. 



Unlike Eudyptes chrysoloplins, this species is naturally 

 wild in disposition and habitually silent. On turning out 

 half a dozen of them in my garden, they all scuttled rapidly 

 away into the shrubbery, and when fairly out of sight one 

 of them indulged in a vociferous chatter for some time, as if 

 addressing his fellows and proposing some plan for their 

 mutual safety. This reminded me of an amusing circum- 

 stance Captain Fairchild had inentioiied. His practice when 

 he gets a lot of live Penguins on board the " Hinemoa " is to 

 secure them in separate pens according to the species. He 

 told me that on one occasion, in the pen occupied by the 

 Victoria Penguins, one of the birds, on gaining a higher foot- 

 hold than the rest, vociferated loudly, whilst the others kept 

 quiet and appeared to listen. So, to accommodate the birds, 

 he had what he termed a little pulpit erected in the midst 

 of the pen. He says it was most ludicrous to see one of 

 the Penguins, like a member of the French Senate, sedately 

 mount this rostrum and address his fellows for several 

 minutes at a time in the most energetic manner, the other 

 Penguins keeping perfectly silent. Then an impatient auditor 

 would waddle up alongside, turn the speaker out of the chair, 

 mount into position, and have his say to the crowd, and so on, 

 the audience being perfectly quiet and orderly. 



This species bites fiercely, and I saw one fairly run after 

 and attack the hands of a man who had been attempting to 

 capture it. 



One of the birds brought by Captain Fairchild from the 

 Snares was saved when the others were converted into speci- 



