612 Transactions. — Miscellaneous. 



totoweka, and fourteen others, all of whicli are grades less in value 

 than the kahurangi. [I have never seen a list containing eighteen 

 names, but I have seen some with some of the names I have collected 

 repeated with qualifying adjectives to describe minor variations. There 

 is one word here, totoweka, which would mean weka's blood, which 

 does not occur in my other lists. It must be the variety with red streaks 

 or spots.] 



11. This is called totoweka [weka = the bird Ocydromus]. This, 

 or sometliing like it, is called inangatangiioai. [The rusty yellow- 

 coloured nephrite for which Herr Fischer inquires is extremely rare. I 

 have seen one piece that would answer this description. The expression 

 inangatangliuai evidently indicates one of the numerous grades described 

 in Answer 9, the names of two kinds being combined to describe it.] 



12. " Te Wai Pounamu " is the correct name. 



16. Yes, but it would fill a book of moderate size to give it. As I am 

 bound to time in writing the Maori History I am compelled to give these 

 answers in this very short way ; but all these questions will be fully 

 answered in the history now being compiled. [Mr. White's history had 

 reached the completion of vol. v. when he died, and one volume has ap- 

 peared since. A mass of MSS. was left, and it is to be hoped that this 

 will some day see light. The published portion does not treat of green- 

 stone save in the chapters incorporated from the Rev. Mr. Stack's 

 writings, the substance of which I have incorporated in this paper.] 



17. No ; not in the first instance. His invasion was to obtain a home 

 for himself and tribe, as he was being pressed by his enemies the Kahu- 

 ngunu, and being urged on also by his revenge for his relation Pehi. 



18. Yes ; but in the first instance all the wars undertaken by the 

 natives of the North Island were for conquest of country, and consequent 

 on their being driven out of their homes by fear of stronger enemies ; but 

 eventually it became a great point to obtain possession of a land in which 

 the greenstone might be obtained. 



Answers of the Eev, J. W. Stack, Missionary to the South 



JSLAND Maoris. 



[Note.— I have thought it best to leave in the signs of quantity placed by Mr. 

 Stack over the vowels to aid pronunciation.] 



1 and 2. The tools used in the manufacture of greenstone were — 



(a) Kurit Pohuta. — A stone hammer. Nothing more than a con- 

 veniently-shaped boulder of greenstone about the size of a human skull. 

 If the piece to be broken off was for a mere it was necessary to insure 

 against any cracks. This was done by cutting a deep groove before strik- 

 ing tlie piece off. [I have made a large and interesting collection of stone 

 hammers, some of which must have had wooden handles, while others 

 were used in the hand. They are of trap, quartz, and various other 

 stones. I have never seen one of greenstone. I have a great many ham- 

 mers of very small size, evidently for very fine work. Bruising is men- 

 tioned by White and others as a mode of reducing angles and points. 

 Two unfinished axes in the Colonial Museum, at Wellington, show admir- 

 ably that bruising was used to reduce the size of the handle part. — ■ 

 F. H. C] _ 



(b) ParihipDluitu. — A sharp-edged chip of trap or any other hard 

 stone for cutting grooves. [Called a hard cutter in the text.] 



(c) Hoangn. — Sandstone or other gritty kind of stone for rubbing 

 down the rougli surface and polishing. [For this I have adopted the word 

 " rubber," as the words "grindstone " and " whetstone" are inapplicable. 

 They are coarse or fine according to the work to be done. — F. R. C] 



(d) Kuriipdka. — A micaceous stone, plentiful on the West Coast, 



