156 Transactions. — Zoology. 



stone adzes, and who had no domesticated dog — a race which 

 had passed away "long before the Maoris settled here" 

 (p. G8). In fact, he said "he might even assume that the 

 human race [i.e., the moa-hunters] made its appearance when 

 this [land] communication existed " between the two Islaiids 

 (p. 84) ; for, he said, so rude a people could hardly have built 

 canoes. But a little further on he thinks that possibly the 

 moa-hunters were identical with a race which, according to 

 Mr. A. Mackay, formerly existed in the interior forests of the 

 North Island, and were called "Macros" by the Maoris; 

 and in his "Geology of Canterbury and Westland " (1879) 

 he calls them " an autochthonic race having affinities with the 

 Melanesian type" (p. 430). 



Six months after the reading of Dr. Haast's first paper 

 Mr. Murison stated that he had found in central Otago 

 polished stone implements with moa-bones ;'•' and in 1874 

 Dr. Haast himself found ground stone implements with moa- 

 bones in a cave near Sumner. Consequently he withdrew his 

 former opinion on this point,! and said that the moa-hunters 

 " had reached already a certain stage of civilisation, which 

 in many respects seems to have been not inferior to that 

 possessed by the Maoris when New Zealand was first in- 

 habited by Europeans " (I.e., p. 80). 



The only other reasons advanced by Dr. Haast for dis- 

 associating the moa-hunters from the Maoris were that the 

 moa-hunters were not cannibals, and that they did not possess 

 a domesticated dog. The first of these reasons, although 

 correct for the South Island, is not correct for the North 

 Island. It was opposed to the evidence of Mr. Mantell,| 

 and was subsequently disproved by Mr. Thorne;§ while the 

 negative evidence on which the absence of a domesticated dog 

 was inferred was disposed of by Mr. Booth, who found two 

 moa-bones marked by the teeth of dogs in the old Maori 

 cooking-places at the mouth of the Shag Eiver. ]| In 1883 

 M. de Quatrefages summed up the published evidence, and 

 came to the conclusion that the moa had probably lived to 

 about the year 1770 or 1780.' So far there had been no 

 distinct proof of nephrite having been used by the moa- 

 hunters;*''' but in 1889 Monck's Cave was discovered, near 



* Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. iv., p. 122. 



t Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. vii., p. 72. 



I Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. i., p. 18. 



§ Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. viii., p. 88. 



:j Trans. N.Z. In.st.,vol. viii., p. 106. 



'I Ann. and ]\Iag. of Nat. History, ser. 5, vol. xiv., pp. 124 and 159. 

 ** Sir James Hector says that Jlr. Murison " found polished adzes of 

 aphanitc, and even jade," in the cooking-places of the Maoris (Trans. 

 N.Z. Inst., vol. iv., p. 117) ; but Mr. Murison makes no mention in his own 

 paper of jade implements having been found. 



