514 Transactions. — Miscellaneous. 



{&) Kuhiirungi. — A darker green, witliout flaws or spots; semi- 

 transparent. 



(f) Kahurangi. — Like the former, but with pale streaks of inanga 

 through it. 



[As kahurangi is repeated, I presume that the former is a hard clear 

 stone, and the latter similar but with beautiful fleecy clouds in it of the 

 whitish tint of inanga. The most beautiful piece I ever saw is in the 

 possession of Wi Parata, of Waikanae, the grandson of the great Te 

 Pehi.— F. R. C] 



(g) Kokutungmiii. — A soft and brittle variety found at Piopiotahi or 

 Milford Sound, and in small pieces along the beaches to the northward of 

 that place. Beautifully clear and transparent, with the appearance of 

 water-drops in the texture of the stone. Hardens on exposure to the air. 

 When first taken from the block can be worked with an ordinary knife 

 and file. 



All the other varieties of greenstone are extremely hard. When 

 found in the river-beds the surface of the stone resembles that of the 

 surrounding boulders, and only the trained eye can detect its presence 

 among them. 



[When free from cracks, flaws, or joints, all the kinds of greenstone 

 save kokotangiivai or tangiwai (tear-water) are so hard that the steel point 

 of a penknife will not scratch the stone, but will leave a metal trace. — 

 F. R. C.J 



10. Up the Arahura River and other streams between Hokitika and 

 Greymouth, and at Milford Sound. As far as I have been able to 

 ascertain, greenstone has only been found in detached blocks, varying in 

 size from pebbles to rocks 20ft. square. 



11. I do not know. 



12. Wai Pounamu. All greenstone, till the occupation of the country 

 by Europeans, and the consequent clearing of the forests on the West 

 Coast, was found either in river-beds or along the beaches. 



13. Vide " Polynesian Mythology," by Sir G. Grey, K.C.B., page 132. 

 [Already narrated.] 



14. I heard from the lateTamihana te Rauparaha that when the Rev. 

 Riwai te Ahu returned from a cruise in the Melanesia Mission vessel he 

 brought back from some island a piece of greenstone. 



15. The boulders were broken up with hammers into convenient-sized 

 pieces, and then ground down with huungu. 



16. I can recall nothing at present. 



17. I have always been told that Rauparaha came for greenstone, 

 Rerewaka's curse giving him a good reason to put forward for his invasion. 

 Rerewaka was a Kaikoura chief, and after his destruction and that of his 

 people there was no reason for Rauparaha going a hundred miles further 

 south, unless he went, as alleged, for greenstone. Just before the Euro- 

 pean occupation of the country greenstone was fast being recognised as 

 the medium of exchange, and the Maoris, since they became familiar 

 with our money, have often spoken of greenstone as the IMaori's money in 

 time past. Rauparaha was shrewd enough to see the advantage of 

 possessing an unlimited supply of the existing medium of exchange. 



18. I do not know of any in particular, but I do know that in times 

 past wars occurred from one tribe, or a section of a tribe, desiring to get 

 possession of articles of value as ancestral relics, which were wrongly 

 retained by others. ]\Iost of the greenstone worked up in the South 

 Island was carried across the Southern Alps on men's backs in a rough 

 state. The labour of procuring the stone was very great. The tracks 

 across the mountains were most dangerous, and some one skilled in 

 prayers and charms always attended the party of carriers, who led the 



