TABLE OF CONTENTS 



VII BACKGROUND AND APPROACH TO SCIENCE POLICY 



IN THE U.S.S.R 1 



The Soviet Commitment to Science 



and Technology 1 



Centralization of R&D Planning 



and Management 4 



The Separation of Science and 



Industry 9 



The Systems for Guiding Technical 



Progress 13 



VIII THE ORGANIZATION OF R&D 18 



Overall Structure and Institutional 



Setting 18 



The Top Governing Machinery 22 



The Three Institutional Subsystems 

 Performing R&D 45 



The Basic Units 64 



The Organizational System: Whole 



and Parts 76 



IX THE FORMULATION OF R&D PLANS AND 



PROGRAMS 83 



Overview of Science and Technology 



Planning 83 



Resource Planning and Allocation for 

 Research and Development 92 



The Selection of Research Topics and 



Tasks 106 



in 



