FOOTNOTES 



1. Loren R. Graham, "The Development of Science 

 Policy in the Soviet Union," in T. Dixon Long and 

 Christopher Wright, eds., Science Policies in Indus- 

 trial Nations (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1975), 

 p. 13. 



2. Ibid. , p. 19. 



3. Prayda, October 8, 1975. 



4. Loren Graham, "The Place of the Academy of Sci- 

 ences in the Overall Organization of Soviet Science," 

 in John R. Thomas and Ursula M. Kruse-Vaucienne, eds., 

 Soviet Science and Technology: Domestic and Foreign 

 Perspectives (Washington, D.C.: George Washington Uni- 

 versity, 1977), pp. 44, 56. See also Raymond Hutch- 

 ings, Soviet Science, Technology, Design: Interaction 

 and Convergence (London and New York: Oxford Univer- 

 sity Press, 1976), pp. 116-119. 



5. E. I. Valuev, L. S. Glyazer, V. P. Groshev, V. 

 I. Kushlin, M. P. Kokonina, G. A. Lakhtin, V. G. Leb- 

 edev, Yu. K. Petrov, S. V. Pirogov, and S. M. Ryumin, 

 "Osobennosti f inansirovaniya nauki v SSSR (Unique 

 Characteristics of the Financing of Science in the 

 USSR)" (Moscow, December 1976), p. 7. Report prepared 

 for the US-USSR Joint Working Group in the Field of 

 Science Policy, Subgroup IV: Financing of Research and 

 Development. 



6. See Julian N. Cooper, "The Organization and Plan- 

 ning of Research and Development in the USSR," Paper 

 prepared for the Conference on Technology and Commu- 

 nist Culture, Bellagio, Italy, August 22-28, 1975. See 

 also Alexander Vucinich, Science in Russian Culture , 

 1861-1917 (Stanford, California: Stanford University 

 Press, 1970), p. xi. 



7. D. M. Gvishiani and A. A. Zvorykin, eds., Osnov- 

 nyye printsipy i obshchiye problemy upravleniya naukoi 

 (Moscow: Nauka, 1973), p. 39. 



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