77. Ibid. , p. 37. 



78. Cited in Nolting, The Planning of Research, De- 

 velopment, and Innovation in the USSR , p. 6. 



79. Disson, "Primeneniye programmno-tselevogo metoda 

 pri reshenii nauchno-tekhnicheskikh problem," pp. 81- 

 82. 



80. Kosov and Popov, op. cit. , pp. 44-57. 



81. See 0. I. Volkov, Planovoye upravleniye nauchno- 

 tekhnicheskim progressom (Moscow: Nauka, 1975), p. 153; 

 B. F. Zaytsev and B. A. Lap in, Organizatsiya planiro- 

 vaniya nauchno-tekhnicheskogo progressa (Moscow: Ekon- 

 omika, 1970), p. 213. 



82. V. N. Arkhangel'skiy, Planirovaniye i finansiro- 

 vaniye nauchnykh issledovaniy (Moscow: Finansy, 1976), 

 p. 61. 



83. K. A. Yefimov et al, op. cit ., p. 2. 



84. These percentages are cited by Vilenskiy in his 

 article discussing the new 200 S&T programs. See his 

 "Tekhnicheskiy progress v desyatoy pyatiletke," p. 50. 



85. V. I. Vodichev, S. P. Goncharov, V. I. Dobro- 

 khotov, E. K. Kuznetsov, and N. I. Serebryanikov, 

 "Razrabotka i vnedreniye teplof ikatsionnykh turbin 

 moshchnost'yu 250 tys. kvt" (The Development and 

 Adoption of Combined Heat and Power Supply Turbines 

 with a Capacity of 250,000 Kilowatts), p. 4. Soviet 

 Side of the Soviet-American Working Subgroup on Plan- 

 ning and Management of Scientific Research and Devel- 

 opment. Unpublished (draft) paper, 1976. 



86. N. P. Fedorenko, "Urgent Tasks of Economic Sci- 

 ence," Ekonomicheskaya gazeta , 21 (May 1976), p. 10. 



87. Nolting, The Planning of Research, Development , 

 and Innovation in the USSR , pp. 3, 6, 12. 



88. Kosov and Popov, op. cit. , pp. 48-49. 



171 



