51. Ibid. , pp. 17-18. 



52. Budavey and Panova, op. cit. , p. 186. 



53. Nolting, The Planning of Research, Development , 

 and Innovation in the USSR , pp. 14-15. 



54. Ibid. , p. 15. 



55. Ibid. , p. 24; Thomas and Kruse-Vaucienne, So- 

 Science and Technology , pp. 247-248. 



56. Nolting, The Planning of Research, Development , 

 and Innovation in the USSR, p. 5 . 



57. Budavey and Panova, op. cit . , p. 187; Yu. A. 

 Zykov, "Nekotoryye metodologicheskiye voprosy postro- 

 yeniya sistemy ekonomicheskikh prognozov nauchno-tekh- 

 nicheskogo progressa," in L. M. Gatovskiy, ed., Ekon- 

 omicheskiye problemy nauchno-tekhnicheskoy revolyutsii 

 pri sotsializme (Moscow: Ekonomika, 1975), pp. 173- 

 182. 



58. Nolting, The Planning of Research, Development , 

 and Innovation in the USSR , p . 15 . 



59. Thomas and Kruse-Vaucienne, Soviet Science and 

 Technology, pp. 246-248, 278. 



60. "USSR Short Answers," pp. 18, 20, 32. 



61. V. Disson, "Primeneniye programmno-tselevogo 

 metoda pri reshenii nauchno-tekhnicheskikh problem," 

 Planovoye khozyaystvo , 7 (1977), p. 74. 



62. Ye. V. Kosov and G. Kh. Popov, Upravleniye 

 Mezhotraslevymi nauchno-tekhnicheskimi programmami 

 (Moscow: Ekonomika, 1972), pp. 42-43. 



63. V. Disson, "From Idea to Production Line," Iz- 

 vestiya , January 20, 1976 and V. Kirillin, "Programmy 

 nauchno-tekhnicheskogo progressa," ibid. , May 15, 1976. 



64. See M. Vilenskiy, "Tekhnicheskiy progress v 



169 



