and Technology; and (4) Science, Technology, and 

 Policymaking. 



Chapter II is concerned with the probable effects of 

 developments in science and technology in specific areas 

 of application. It discusses issues associated with nine 

 functional categories: (1) National Security, (2) Space. (3) 

 Health, (4) Energy, (5) Natural Resources, (6) Environ- 

 ment, (7) Transportation, (8) Agriculture, and (9) 

 Education. 



All the broad themes that underlie the discussions in the 

 two chapters are drawn from source materials commis- 

 sioned by NSF. Other published sources were also used 

 occasionally to provide additional factual information or 

 to amplify the discussions. 



The commissioned materials are published in two 

 Source Volumes. The first volume consists of 17 chapters 

 prepared by the National Research Council on human 

 resources, natural resources and environment, research 

 frontiers, research systems, and new technologies. The 

 chapters offer the perspectives of individuals active in 

 research in those areas. They do not necessarily reflect 

 policies of the National Science Foundation or the U.S. 

 Government. 



The second volume of source documents consists of the 

 views of individuals selected by two organizations — the 

 Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy of 

 the American Association for the Advancement of Sci- 

 ence, and the Social Science Research Council. Their 

 contributions deal, respectively, with public policy prob- 

 lems associated with science and technology, and with 

 current developments in social and behavioral science 

 disciplines. Again, the views and opinions expressed do 

 not necessarily reflect the policies of the National Science 

 Foundation or the U.S. Government. 



The second of the Source Volumes also includes narra- 

 tives prepared by task groups representing 22 Federal 

 agencies. They deal with anticipated problems, oppor- 

 tunities, and constraints related to science, technology, 

 and public policy from the perspectives of the missions of 

 those agencies. Finally, the second Source Volume in- 

 cludes a selected, annotated bibliography of published 

 sources and an index to both Source Volumes. 



Notes concerning the preparation of the Five-Year Out- 

 look and the source materials appear in Appendix B. 



Key to Abbreviations 



Abbreviations appearing in parentheses throughout Chap- 

 ters I and II refer to more complete discussions in the 

 Source Volumes, to sources contributed to the first Five- 



Year Outlook, and to recent Science Indicators and An- 

 nual Science anil Technology Reports. Citations to the 

 published literature appear as footnotes. 



Tiihle I — Key to Abbreviations Used in the Text to Cite Source Mateiials 



Abbreviation 



Explanation 



Nongovernment Sources 



NRC-I.2.3. . . . Contribution of the National Research Council 

 (in Sdurce Volume J) by chapter number. Note: 

 NRC-Obs, refers to the discussion titled 

 "Observations." by F. Seitz and P. Handler 



AAAS-1.2.3. . . . Contribution of the American Association for 

 the Advancement of Science (in Source Volume 

 2) by chapter number. Note: AAAS-Obs. 

 refers to the discussion tilled "Observations: 

 Racing the Time Constants," by W. D. Carey 



SSRC-1,2,3. . . . Contribution of the Social Science Research 

 Council (in Source Volume 2) by chapter 

 number. 



