£91 pleurotomidjE. 



Northumberland and Durham (Alder and others); Aber- 

 deenshire (Dawson) ; Durness, Sutherland shire (Mrs. 

 M'Pherson, fide Gordon). Var. 1. Guernsey, living 

 with P. laevigata in Belgrave Bay, and dredged in 18 f. 

 (Gallienne and J. G. J.) ; Exmouth (Clark) : a small 

 form of this pretty variety, mostly having the upper 

 part of the spire tinged with purplish-brown, was pro- 

 cured by Mr. Hyndman from Port Ballintrae, co. Antrim. 

 Var. 2. Channel Isles and Fishguard (J. G. J.). Var. 3. 

 Connemara (Farran) ; Clyde district (Eyton) ; Oban, 

 Loch Carron, and Skye (Barlee and J. G. J.) . Var. 4. 

 Falmouth (Crotch, fide Brown), and Plymouth (Cranch, 

 fide Leach). Var. 5. Exmouth (Clark); Tenby and 

 Manorbeer (J. G. J.). As a post-glacial or quaternary 

 fossil this species has been in most cases mistaken for 

 P. pyramidalis, Strom ; I have identified P. rufa from 

 only the Belfast deposit. A somewhat similar remark 

 applies to their foreign distribution in a living state. 

 Sars dredged some very large specimens of P. rufa 

 (mixed with the other species) in Finmark ; Mace and 

 Tasle have correctly included it in their lists of Breton 

 shells, Dr. D'Orbigny found it at Rochelle, and Fischer 

 gives Arcachon as a locality ; French coast (Potiez and 

 Michaud) . 



It is the P. nigra of the last-named authors, and 

 Fusus fuscus of Brown ; the young is Turton's Murex 

 chordula. Leach described the 4th variety as Bela Cran- 

 chiana. 



P. pyramidalis is not uncommon as a post-tertiary 

 fossil, in the Clyde beds, as well as at Macclesfield, 

 Moel Tryfaen, Bridlington, Kelsey Hill, Wexford, and 

 Fort William, and in Aberdeenshire and Caithness ; 

 Norwich Crag (Woodward); Uddevalla (J.G.J.); Canada 

 (Dawson and Bell). It inhabits the arctic seas from 



