20 Transactions. — Miscellaneous. 



Liv., iii. 3, 5. 

 Et consul Nuntio circumventi fratris conversus ad pugnam. 



Liv., iii. 6, 4. 

 Eo vis omnis tempestasque belli convcrsa est. 

 Cf. Tac, Ann. i. 45, and ii. 39; Plant., Amphit. 234 and 

 682. 



Averti :— 



Liv., ii. 487. 

 Aut averti alio sinebat. 

 Cf. Plant., Amphit. 893: avortisti. 

 Liv., ii. 8, 8, and xxii. 13. 



Verti :~ 



Liv., V. 29, 8. 



Quae [sc. plebs] jam in suos versa non intelligeret. 



Who now setting themselves against their own patrons, 

 (Holland.) 



Cf. also Liv., iii. 28, 9; ix. 2, 13; ix. 2, 15; Lucr., i. 710; 

 Ov., Met. i. 235. 



Examination of all the passages above will show the active 

 sense of the verb, whatever /o?'7?i it takes. 



Volvi. Tac, Ann. i. 23. 

 Cum deprecandi causa paulatim introisset ambulantisque 

 Tiberii genua advolveretur. 



Tac, Ann. i. 23. 

 Praeceps et singulorum pedibus advolutus. 

 In both passages the person rolled himself grovelling at 

 the feet and knees of other men. 



Virg., Aen. vi. G59. 

 Plurimus Eridani per silvam volvitur amnis. 

 Eridanus' mighty tiood rolls through the forest. 

 Cf. also Virg., Aen. vii. 349, of a snake coiling itself. 



These few instances may serve to indicate the line of argu- 

 ment. More may easily be added. But it will suffice in the 

 present case to have drawn attention to a somewhat neglected 

 point in Latin grammar. All translations will gain in force 

 and vividness were it clearly recognised that the so-called 

 passive, like a cei-tain classic piece of furniture, " contrives a 

 double debt to pay." So also our translation will be more 

 suggestive and profitable were it admitted that the analogies 

 of meaning attract inflexions rather than that inflexions control 

 shades of meaning. 



