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Transactions. 



Just below Mr. P. Elworthy's homestead the blue clays are seen over- 

 lying the limestone and passing up into the red sands and sandstones. If 

 the road from Gordon's Valley to Little River Valley be followed, first 

 the blue clay and then the limestone will be passed over. In the valley 

 leading down into Little River Valley the limestone is well exposed in 

 cliffs 100ft. high. The lower parts contain many brachiopods, and a 

 few other fossils, such as Epitonium browni (Zitt.), but the upper parts arc 

 very siliceous, and in places there arc flint nodules which stand out like 

 pegs from the weathered surfaces. 



The red sands have their usual characteristics : thus the lower part 

 has concretions scattered through it, and then come alternating layers 

 of hard sandstones and soft shelly bands. Above this there are the true 

 red sands, with layers of shells, such as species of Venericardia, Polinices, 

 Turritella, Limopsis, and Dentalium. These beds may be traced down to 

 the back of the homestead at Holme Station. 



On the road over into Little River Valley, the solution - pits in the 

 limestone can be seen. (Plate XVI, fig. 2.) 



From the limestone at this locality I collected Pericosmus compressus 

 McCoy and Pentacrinus stellatus Hutt. The red sands yielded the molluscs 

 tabulated in column 10 of the table of fossil mollusca. 



Squires Farm. (Plate XVII, figs. 1 and 2.) 



This locality is very important for showing the relationship between 

 the Pareora beds and the underlying beds. Every member of Marshall's 

 " Oamaru system " as developed in the Pareora district is exposed in the 

 banks of the Little Pareora River where it flows through this farm. The 

 grits of the coal series are very thick here, but the coal itself is not shown 

 in any exposure. Pudding-stone conglomerates are interbedded with the 



5W 



Fig. 5. — Section along right bank of Little River, in Squire's Farm. 

 Distance, 300 yards ; direction, N.E.-S.W. ; dip, 40°. 1. Grits 

 and sands of coal series. 2. Lowest fossiliferous sands. 3. Lower 

 red sands, with calcareous sandstones. 4. Red sands. 5. Crab- 

 beds (seen in the bed of the river), (i. Grey m ails (seen in the bed 

 of the river). 7. White flaky limestone and dark limestone. 

 8. Limestone, current-bedded. 0. Gravels. 



grits. The lowest fossiliferous beds are found near the top of the land- 

 slip facing the road to Otaio Gorge. They are strongly impregnated with 

 iron oxides, which have replaced the fossils, so that only casts can lie 

 obtained. The harder bands stand out as reefs and ridges on the hillside. 

 The fossils obtained were Dosinia lambata (Gould). Pecten huttoni (Park), 

 Chione sp., and Polinices sp. 



The crab-beds and marls are not exposed on the hillside, but they appear 

 in the bed of the river near the sharp turn in the river. They may be 

 described as typical greensands with concretions, but usually these beds 

 are rather too brown and marly to be called " greensands." They yielded 

 Pa nope worthingtoni Hutt. and Turritella sp. 



