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Usually there are sliding logs that work between these posts and the fences, 

 held by the force of water, and also a rope that lifts or lowers them, 

 together with the poha frame of the inverted Y pattern (see later), which 

 is fixed to the hinaki in the manner before described (see fig. 7). These 

 angles, being right across the current, are soon broken by driftwood, and. 

 as a rule, have to be renewed or repaired annually. All the lashings used 

 in the construction of the pa are of aha or kareao vines : no pegs or nails 

 are ever used even in modern times. Usually the fences are lowest at the 

 top of a rapid, gradually rising as they go down-stream. 



FlG. 7. — Attachment of the poha. 1, angle brace ; 2. sliding timber used 

 to raise and lower the poha- : 3, hinaki ; 4. ropes of twisted kareao. 



The names of the parts of the pa-tuna are as follows : The stakes are 

 called pou ; the top horizontal timber, uaua, sometimes (I think, correctly) 

 huahua ; the second horizontal timber, haiwai ; the heavy bottom totara 

 log, huahua-kaiwai ; the angle stakes holding same, noko ; the angle log 

 at head of weir, noko-panawai ; the return angle or wing at foot, hoi : the 

 side posts holding same, pou-riri (sometimes turn) ; the sliding timber, 

 rango ; the same timber when fastened down, huapae ; the water between 

 the fences, ihonui ; water outside of fences, auroa. 



When a fresh is in evidence two baskets are placed in position on each 

 side, one above the other, as in the case of the small pa-tuna. Of course, 

 in this particular style of weir a great many eels must pass without being 

 caught ; but it would be quite impossible to net a large river in this manner 

 thoroughly, owing to the logs and debris coming down. No doubt if the 

 fences were to converge gradually they would be more effective in fishing, 

 but they would be more liable to be destroyed, as the drift timbers would 

 be caught and the weight of waters would soon be irresistible. However, 

 a very large number of fish are taken, usually in April. The only time I 

 saw this pa-tuna being worked upwards of half a ton of fish was taken out 

 within twenty-four hours. This was during the tuna-heke migration. 



A very large pa-tuna capable of holding eight or more hinaki is called 

 pa-tuna waharoa. There is also another built on a zigzag principle, but 

 neither of these have I seen, nor have I been able to obtain any description 

 of them. 



