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Transactions. 



One of the main features of the fauna in this locality is the large size 

 of many of the extinct species that are found. Not only this, but the large 

 species are represented by a great number of individuals, and at -the first 

 glance it is apparent that the fauna is essentially different from that of 

 Kai Iwi and of Castlecliff. In addition to this, several of the species that 

 occur in the strata at Castlecliff and are also of Eecent occurrence have 

 unusual dimensions at Nukumaru. Of these, Chione yatei, Cytherea oblonga, 

 and Paphia intermedia are noticeable. Of the extinct species, Melina 

 zealandica, Cytherea enysi, Lutraria solida, Lucinida levifoliata, Stnithiolaria 

 frazeri, and AmjMdesma crassiformis are all of large size. This large size 

 of the shells in itself suggests that climatic conditions at the time that 

 these strata were deposited were more genial than tliose that now prevail, 

 and this suggestion, due to the mere size of the shells, is strengthened by 

 the occurrence of such a genus as Melina, which is now, of course, extinct 

 in New Zealand waters. 



The bone of Dinornis robusta which was described in a previous paper 

 came from the stratum that lies immediately below the bed in which the 

 occurrence of the large shells is first especially conspicuous. Another moa- 

 bone has since been found, and it is identified by Professor Benham as 

 part of the right tibia of Mesopteryx casuarina Owen. The medullary 

 cavity of this bone is partly filled with pyrite, a sufficient proof that the 

 bone has been preserved in strata that lie beneath the level to which 

 oxidizing waters can percolate. 



Fossils from Waipipi. 



This locality is about five miles north of Nukumaru along the coast- 

 line. The collection was made from the outcrops of the cliffs over a 

 distance of one mile to the north of the mouth of the Waipipi Stream and 

 a quarter of a mile to the south of it. The rocks are for the main part 

 tough blue papa, or blue clay, with a few distinctly sandy or micaceous 

 strata. It is in the latter that the majority of the fossils were found. 



Ancilla australis (Sow.) 



Ancilla novae-zelandiae (Sow.) 

 * Ancilla pseud-australis (Tate) 



Astraea heliotropium (Mart.) 



Atrina zelandica (Gray) 



Bathytoma albida (Hutt.) 



Bathytoma zealandica (E. A. Smith) 



Calliostoma pellucidum (Val.) 



Calyptraea alta (Hutt.) 



Calyptraea tennis (Gray) 

 *Cardium spatiosum (Hutt.) 



Chione mesodesma {Q. & G.) 



Chione spissa (Desh.) 



Chione yatei (Gray) 



Corbula macilenta (Hutt.) 

 *Crassatellites obesus (A. Ad.) 



Crepidula crepidula (L.) 

 *Crepidula gregaria (Sow.) 

 *Cymbiola [Miomelon) corrugata 



(Hutt.) 

 *Cytherea enysi (Hutt.) 



Cytherea oblonga (Hanley) 

 *Dentaliiim solidum (Hutt.) 

 ^Diplodonta ampla (Hutt.) 



Divaricella cumingi (Ad. & Ang.) 



Dosinia lambata (Gould) 

 '^Dosinia magna (Hutt.) 



Dosinia subrosea (Gray) 

 *Erycina cf. bifurca (Webster) 



Glycymeris laticostata (Q. & G.) 

 *Glycymeris subglobosa (Sut.) 



Lima angulata (Sow.) 



Lima bullata (Born.) 

 *Lima waipipiensis (Marshall 



Murdoch) 

 ^Lucinida levifoliata (Marshall 



Murdoch) 

 * Lutraria solida (Hutt.) 



Macoma edgari (Iredale) 



Macrocallista multistriata (Sow.) 



Mactra scalpellum (Reeve) 



Marginella pygmaea (Sow.) (?) 



and 



and 



