322 



Transactions. 



Literature consulted or referred to. 



Armstrong, J. B., 1880. A Short Sketch of the Flora of the Province of Canterbury, 

 with Catalogue of Species, Trans. N.Z. Inst, vol. 12, pp. 325-53. 



1882. New Zealand Ferns (a series of fifteen chapters in the Canterbury Times). 



Cheeseman, T. F., 1906. Manual of the Neiv Zealand Flora. 



Cockayne, L., 1907. Some Hitherto-unrecorded Plant-habitats, Trans. N.Z. hist, 

 vol. 39, pp. 361-78. 



Field, H. C, 1891. Ferns of New Zealand. 



Hooker, Sir J. D., 1864. Handbook of the New Zealand Flora. 



Laing, R. M., 1919. Vegetation of Banks Peninsvda, Tran^. N.Z. Inst., vol. 51, 

 pp. 355-498. 



Martin, W., 1918. Ferns of the Port Hills, Lyttelton Times, 17th August, 1918. 



Potts, T. H., 1882. Out in the Open. 



Raoul, a., 1846. Choix de plantes de la Nouvelle-Zelande. 



Art. XXXIII. — The Notocene Geology of the Middle Waipara and 

 Weka Pass District, North Canterbury, New Zealand. 



By Dr. J. Allan Thomson, F.G.S., F.N.Z.Inst., Director of the Dominion 



Museum. 



[Bead before the Wellington Philosophical Society. 22nd October, 1919 ; received by 

 Editor, 31st December, 1919 ; issued separately, 16th July, 1920.] 



Plates XVI-XXVII. 



Contents. 



INTKODUCTION. 



The younger rocks of New Zealand, embracing all marine strata from 

 Albian to Pliocene, consist in nearly all localities of accordant rock-series, 

 and form, broadly speaking, a structural and physiographical unit. The 

 rocks composing them — viz., conglomerates, sandstones, greensands, mud- 

 stones, and limestones — are much less indurated than the unconformably 

 underlying greywackes, argillites, phylUtes, schists, or granites, and physio- 

 graphically form a weak cover to a resistant undermass. Unlike the latter, 



