440 Transactions. 



PART I.— THE GENUS PARECTOPA (LEPIDOPTERA). 



This part comprises the life-histories of— (1) Parectopa citharoda Meyr., 

 (2) P. zorionella Hudson, (3) P. panacitorsens n. sp., (4) P. panaci- 

 vermiforma n. sp., (5) P. panacicorticis n. sp., (6) P. panacifinens n. sp., 

 (7) P. aellomacha Meyr., (8) P. panacivagans n. sp. 



Of the remainder of the genus, P, aethalota Meyr. {Trans. N.Z. Inst., 

 vol. 21, 1889, p. 185), P. leucocijma Meyr. {Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 21, 1889, 

 p. 184), and P. miniella Feld. (see Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 21, 1889, p. 185) 

 have not yet been observed. These complete the genus in New Zealand 

 as at present known. 



Those studied are all miners of the long-gallery type, and all except 

 P. citharoda make their coc6on and pupate in the tei;minal part of the mine. 

 P. citharoda offers other interesting details distinct from the rest of the 

 genus. At present the only ova found and described belong to P. citharoda. 

 Owing to lack of time and material I have had to omit the descriptions 

 of the larvae of this genus, but a complete account will be given later in 

 a supplementary part, which it is hoped will also include the species not 

 given in the present paper. From what little I have seen of the larvae, 

 there will be some extremely interesting points to bring to light. In my 

 early paper on P. citharoda I gave a short sketch of the setal plan, but in 

 light of more recent work this needs revision, and Fracker's nomenclature 

 (" The Classification of Lepidopterous Larvae," Illinois Biological Mono- 

 graphs, vol. 2, No. 1, 1915) should be adopted. The head-capsule and head- 

 setae need investigation. 



The Chief Characteristics oj the Parectopa Pupa. 



In shape long and slender, more or less blimtly rounded at the head 

 (except for the pointed cephalic plate), and gradually attenuated towards 

 the other extremity. Length averaging from 5 mm. to 8 mm. Attached 

 to the front in its uppermost part is a heavily chitinized cutting-plate 

 (the cephalic plate) directed upwards and forwards ; on either side of this, 

 and about midway between it and the base of the antenna, is usually a short 

 stout incurved cornu ; while in front of the cephalic plate is a pair of promi- 

 nent tubercles bearing each a long slender seta. The antennae cover 

 a portion of the outer lateral part of the pigmented eye, and extend usually 

 the whole length of the body ; they are segmented and free in their lower 

 part. Mandibles are present, one on either side of the labrum, but are 

 small. The maxillary palpi are very distinct in P. citharoda, adjoining 

 the margin of the antennae externally and occupying the lower border 

 of the eye, between it and the first legs and maxillae ; in the other species, 

 however, they are obscure and doubtful. The labial palpi are long and 

 slender, and about one-sixth of the body-length. The maxillae are long 

 and slender, and usually reach to about midway between the ends of 

 the first and second legs ; usually a portion of the lateral margin of the 

 upper fifth of the maxilla is encroached upon by the femur of the first leg. 

 The third legs appear from below the second, and extend generally as far 

 as the seventh abdominal segment. Forewings long and narrow, with 

 pointed incurved extremities, and occupying about one-half the body-length. 

 The ventral appendages, with the exception of the wing-tips, third legs, 

 and antennae at their caudal extremities, are not free. The prothorax is 

 much narrower in the mid-dorsal region than laterally. Mesothorax is the 

 longest segment of the body, and is extended caudally. Metathorax about 

 as long as the abdominal segments, and the wings occupy a narrow strip 



