148 Transactions. 



lying above the Otekaike limestone at Wharekuri. The writer has no 

 doubt that if McKay had discovered the glauconitic fossiliferous beds 

 above the limestone at Otekaike he would have referred them to the 

 Hutchinson Quarry horizon, for his description of the latter beds at 

 Wharekuri would apply equally well to the Otiake beds at Otiake and 

 Otekaike. Although McKay made the break between the Cretaceo-Tertiary 

 and Tertiary systems at the top of the lower third of the limestone at 

 Maruwenua, yet he states that there is stratigraphical conformity throughout 

 the section ; but that unconformity is proved, as the Otekaike limestone 

 rests on the old " subschistose " rocks at Otekaike. As there is no evidence 

 forthcoming to show that this is so, and as the basal quartz-grits of the 

 series are present, as shown above, unconformity has not been proved. 

 McKay was perhaps justified on lithological grounds in dividing the 

 limestone at Maruwenua into three portions. The " Phorus beds " at 

 Maruwenua, as will be shown below, are similar to the Otiake beds, and 

 therefore probably Hutchinsonian-Awamoan. The less glauconitic lime- 

 stone below these at this locality has all the lithological characters of the 

 limestone at Otekaike, while the more glauconitic basal portion of the 

 limestone at Maruwenua represents the basal part of the Otekaike limestone, 

 which is not visible in the preseiat locality, as it is obscured by gravels. 



The quartz-grits crop out again at the point where the Otekaike River 

 leaves its gorge and debouches on to the gravel-covered plain. They lie 

 near the foot of a steep escarpment of greywacke rock on the right bank 

 of the stream, and mark the point of intersection of two strong faults, the 

 one extending from Wharekuri to this point, and another trending in a 

 north-easterly direction. The small exposure of the quartz-grits mentioned 

 in the description of the beds at Otekaike lies on the line of the Wharekuri- 

 Otekaike fault, and it will be shown in another paper in this volume that there 

 aie other outcrops of Tertiary rocks lying near the base of the mountain- 

 front in the Kurow district. This fault has a north-westerly trend. The 

 escarpment referred to above extends in a north-easterly direction towards 

 the main road, and the crest of the evenly sloping ridge drops 500 ft. in 

 a distance of three miles. Patches of quartz-grits and limestone crop 

 out at various places at the foot of the scarp, and define the direction of 

 this fault, which bounds the north-east portion of the great Kakanui tilted 

 block (Cotton, 1917a, p. 279). The back slope of this portion of the 

 block is stripped of its cover in the higher country towards Ben Lomond, 

 but the covering strata (quartz-grits, greensands, limestone, &c.) are still 

 preserved in the country extending north and south from Black Hill to 

 Livingstone. 



(3.) White Rocks and Duntroon Area. 



In the Waikaura Creek, quartz-grits crop out to the east of Black 

 Hill, and a prominent limestone mesa rises steeply from the bed of the 

 creek. The slopes are buried in talus, and the intervening rocks are not 

 exposed. The limestone resembles the Otekaike limestone in containing 

 little glauconite. Its dip is westerly. From this point the Maruwenua 

 tableland stretches to the south-east, covered by heavy gravels and silts, 

 but the limestone is exposed in many places where the creeks have cut 

 through the gravels. 



At White Rocks, where the limestone crops out on the main road two 

 miles above Duntroon, the highest rocks are the high-level river-gravels, 

 overlying a limestone showing in places a thickness of 70 ft. The under- 

 lying rocks are not exposed, but the quartz-grits crop out about three- 

 quarters of a miles up the valley, dipping in the same direction. The dip 



