Watt. — Leaf -mining Insects of New Zealand. 



455 



1 square inch ; it is generally more closely applied to the outer margin 

 of the leaf, where there is plenty of room. The midrib forms a barrier in 

 its basal two-thirds. The blotch is irregular in shape, but all irregularities 

 are rounded. Frass is finely granular, black, scanty. Old mines soon 

 become white and conspicuous. 



I have not yet been able to study the larva. 



The Cocoon. 



This is a small oval structure of thin white silk within the terminal 

 part of the mine. The roof of cuticle protecting it above is slightly thicker 

 than elsewhere in the mine. The position of the cocoon is not a constant 

 one, but is generally alongside the midrib or outer margin of the leaf ; 

 sometimes, however, it occupies a position between these, lying more or 

 less at right angles to their general direction. It is most generally found 

 about the middle third of the leaf. Dimensions, 7 mm. by 3' mm. Quite 

 frequently the cocoon causes a slight infolding of the leaf in its immediate 

 vicinity, but this is not so constant as in some of the other Panax moths ; 

 n>ost generally a small hump on the upper surface of the leaf is all that 

 reveals its existence. 



In the South Island form the cocoon is constructed in a small narrow 

 extension of the terminal part of the blotch, close to the upper cuticle of 

 the leaf. It is usually near the outer margin of the 'eaf, about its middle 

 or in its upper half. The white silken lining is very thin and frail, and 

 causes a slight local puckering of the leaf. The small white window at 

 the end of the cocoon is similar to that of P. imnacifinens and others. Size, 

 6 mm. by 2 mm. 



The Puva. 



All the essential characteristics are the same as in the other Panax 

 moths. The cephalic plate is about as long as wide at its base, and the 

 lateral cornua are short and of about half the length of the plate ; the 

 labrum is slightly above the lower margin of the eyes ; mandibles promi- 

 nent. Prothorax wide laterally against the antenna, but almost obliterated 



16 



Fig. 16. — Head of pupa of P. panacivermiforma, ventral view. 

 Fig. 17.— Lateral view. 



in the mid-dorsal region. Antennae reach to the eighth abdominal segment. 

 Regarding the setae, these are the same as in P. panacitorsens ; in the 

 tenth segment the dorsal setae are replaced by a pair of short pointed 

 tubercles ; segment 8 bears all three pairs of setae ; segment 9 bears the 

 dorsal pair only. The two caudal appendages are well developed. The 



