Table B-7. Scientists and engineers engaged in R&D: 1965-86^ 



^U S figures are full-time equivalents, while Japanese represent total numbers of scientists and engineers engaged primarily in R&O in natural 

 science and engineering 



SOURCES: Government of Japan. Science and Tectinology Agency, and ttie National Science Foundation 



Table B-8. Number of scientists and 



engineers engaged in R&D by sector: 



1985^ 



[In thousands] 



'U S figures are full-time equivalents, wtiile Japanese represent total 



numbers of scientists and engineers engaged primarily in R&D in 



natural sciences and engineering 



^U S figures for f985 are estimates 



SOURCES Government of Japan, Science and Technology Agency. 



and the National Science Foundation 



Table B-9. Value of technical know-how receipts and expenditures: 



1970 and 1985 



[Constant 1982 dollars In millions] 



Receipts and expenditures 



Receipts 



Payments 



Balance 



Ratio of receipts to payments' 



1970 



Japan 



$ 194 



1,423 



(1,229) 



.136 



United States 



$8,625 



2,503 



6,122 



3.45 



1985 



Japan 



$ 721 



2,437 



(1716) 



.296 



United States 



$14,018 



4,953 



9,065 



2.83 



'Ratios calculaled Irom unrounded national currencies 



SOURCES Government ol Japan, Science and Technology Agency, and the National Science Foundation Japanese data are statistics of the 



Bank of Japan 



54 



