Table B-20. Higher education R&D expenditures: 1965-86 



[Constant 1982 dollars in millions] 



Table B-21. Distribution of higher 



education R&D expenditures among 



fields: 1985 



[Percent] 



'Law, political science, and "other social sciences." 



^Including psychology 



^Home economics, education, and others 



NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100 



SOURCES Government of Japan, Management and Coordination 



Agency, and the National Science Foundation 



'Includes higher education institutions and federally funded research and development centers 



NOTE Percentages calculated from national currencies 



SOURCES Government of Japan, Management and Coordination Agency, and the National Science Foundation 



Table B-22. Distribution of academic 



separately budgeted R&D by field: 



1982 



[Percent] 



Total 



Engineering 



Physical sciences . 

 Environmental 



sciences 



Math and computer 



science 



Life sciences 



Social sciences . . . 



Psychology 



All other' 



'Professional and vocational studies, arls and humanities 

 NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100 

 SOURCE Ben R tAan\n and John \n\ne. An International Compar- 

 ison ot Government Funding ol Academic and Academically Related 

 Research, Science Policy and Research Evaluation Group, Science 

 Policy Research Unit University of Sussex. United Kingdom Advisory 

 Board lor the Research Councils, 1986 



Table B-23. First-university degrees by field and as a proportion of the 22-year- 

 old population: 1985 



'There is not a one-to-one correspondence between social science disciplines in Japan and the United States 



NOTE Because of rounding, percentages may not add to totals shown 



SOURCES Governmeni of Japan, Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture, Basic Education Survey 1985. anil the National Science Foundation 



60 



