

Chart 32. Japanese trade balance with the United States 

 in technology-intensive products^ 



[Current dollars] 



Millions of dollars 

 25,000 



20,000 



15,000 



10,000 



5,000 



Exports 



25,000 



20,000 



15,000 



10,000 



- 5,000 



^Ttiose producis for which US R&D expenditures exceed 2 36 percent ol value-added (D0C-2/0rganls3tlon tor Eco- 

 nomic Co-operation and Development deitnition) 

 SOURCE National Science Foundation. SRS. table B-29 



Table 10. Japanese trade with the United States in technology-intensive 



products:^ 1985 



Product group 



Total 



Aircraft and parts 



Industrial inorganic chemicals 



Radio and TV receiving equipment . . . 



Office and computing machines 



Electrical machinery and equipment . . 



Communications equipment 



Professional and scientific instruments 



Drugs 



Plastic materials and synthetics 



Engines and turbines 



Agricultural chemicals 



Balance 



13,024.0 



-1,931.1 



-886.4 



5,919.3 



2,915.8 



713.4 



3,139.6 



2,660.0 



-450.0 



2.3 



1,027.0 



-85.8 



Exports to 

 United States 



21,252.2 



113.0 



116.7 



5,925.9 



4,101.5 



1,922.1 



4,064.8 



3,270.6 



94.7 



472.1 



1.155.0 



15.7 



Imports from 

 United States 



8.228.1 



2.044.1 



1,003.1 



6.6 



1,185.7 



1,208.6 



925.2 



610.6 



544.7 



469.8 



128.0 



101.6 



'Technology-mtensive products are defined as those for which U S R&D expenditures exceed 2 36 percent of sales (U S Department of 

 Commerce D0C2 and Organisation tor Economic Co-operation and Development definition) Data reflects information from 24 reporting countries 

 on exports to, and imports from, each ol nearly 200 partner countries 

 SOURCE National Science Foundation, DRI Special Tabulations ot International Trade, 1987 



sive trade from 7 percent in 1965 to 

 19 percent in 1985, while the U.S. 

 share declined from 28 percent to 24 

 percent (chart 33). Japan's share of 



technology-intensive imports re- 

 mained extremely stable throughout 

 the 20-year period at about 5 per- 

 cent. 



In 1985, high-technology prod- 

 ucts accounted for 53 percent of U.S. 

 manufactures exports to Japan and 

 35 percent of U.S. imports of Japa- 

 nese-manufactured goods.** The U.S. 

 deficit in high-technology trade in- 

 creased fivefold from 1980 to 1986, 

 growing from current $3.8 billion to 

 $21.9 billion (table 11).*' 'According 

 to the Department of Commerce, 

 telecommunications equipment and 

 electronic components accounted for 

 about 75 percent of the high-tech- 

 nology trade deficit. Over the 1981- 

 85 period, the rising deficit in this 

 class constituted nearly 66 percent 



■"High-technology trade includes fewer (and 

 slightly different) product categories than technol- 

 ogy-intensive trade because it accounts for the R&D 

 contribution of upstream inputs (US. Department 

 of Commerce DOC3 definition). 



^"U.S. Department of Commerce, Uiiilcd Stnles 

 Trade: Performance m 1985 and Outlook (Washington, 

 D.C.: Supt. of Documents, U.S. Government Print- 

 ing Office, 1986), p. 79. 



37 



