90 



MERRILL AND DUCE 



Texas, suggesting relatively long atmospheric residence 

 times. Urban area concentrations are about 100 times 

 higher (Atlas and Giam, 1981). 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



Wc thank the staff of the University of Hawaii's Mid- 

 Pacific Research Laboratory, the Department of Energy, 

 and Holmes and Narver, Inc. for field support in Enewetak. 

 Paul Dellegatto assisted in the reduction of the wind rose 

 and cloudiness data. Supported by NSF Grants OCE 

 77-13072, CX:E 77-13071, and OCE 81-11895. 



REFERENCES 



Atlas, E , and C S Giam, 1981, Global Transport of Organic 

 Pollutants: Ambient Concentration in the Remote Marine 

 Atmosphere, Science, 211: 163 165 



Blanchard, D. C., 1963, Electrification of the Atmosphere by Par- 

 ticles from Bubbles in the Sea, Progress in Oceanogr . 1: 

 71-202 



Blumenstock, D 1, 1961, A Report on Typhoon Effects Upon 

 Jaluit Atoll, Atoll Res. Bull., 75: 1105. 



, and D F. Rex, 1960, Microclimatic Observations at 



Eniwetol^, Atoll Res Bull , 71: 1158, 



Chesselet, R , M. Fontugne, P Buat-Menard, U. Ezat, and C. E. 

 Lambert, 1981, The Origin of Particulate Organic Carbon in 

 the Marine Atmosphere as Indicated by Its Stable Carbon Iso- 

 topic Composition, Geophi^s Res Lett., 8: 345-348. 



Chapman, S., and R. S. Lindzen, 1970, Atmospheric Tides Ther- 

 mal and Grauitational. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 

 New York. 



Duce, R. A., 1982, Sea Salt and Trace Element Transport Across 

 the Sea/Air Interface. Presented at the Joint Oceanographic 

 Assembly, Halifax, Canada, Aug. 4 



and R. B Gagosian, 1982, The Input of Atmospheric n-Cio 



to n-C3() Alkanes to the Ocean, J Geophys Res, 87: 

 71927200. 



, G. L Hoffman, and W. H Zoller, 1975, Atmospheric Trace 



Metals at Remote Northern and Southern Hemisphere Sites: 

 Pollution or Natural?, Science. 187: 59-61 



C. K. Unni, B. J. Ray, P J. Harder, A P Pszenny, and 



J. L. Fasching, 1981, The Atmospheric Concentration of 

 Trace Elements and Their Deposition to the Ocean at 

 Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands, in Svmposium on the Role 

 of the Oceans in Atmospheric Chemistry, lAMAP Third Scien- 

 tific Assembly, Hamburg, F.R.G. 



, C. K. Unni, B J Ray, J M. Prospero, and J. T Merrill, 



1980, Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of Soil Dust from 

 Asia to the Tropical North Pacific: Temporal Variability, 

 Science. 209: 1522-1524 

 , and A. H. Woodcock, 1971, Difference in Chemical Compo- 

 sition of Atmospheric Sea Salt Particles Produced in the Surf 

 Zone and on the Open Sea in Hawaii, Tellus, 23: 427-435. 

 Fitzgerald, W F., G. A. Gill, and A. D. Hewitt, 1981, Mercury, 

 A Trace Atmosptieric Gas, in Symposium on the Role of the 

 Oceans in Atmospheric Chemistr\^. lAMAP Third Scientific 

 Assembly, Hamburg, F R.G. 



Gagosian, R B , E. T Peltzer, and O. C. Zafiriou, 1980, Und- 

 Derived Organic Compounds in Enewetak Particulate Sam- 

 ples, SEAREX Newsletter. 3: 10-15. 



, E T. Peltzer, and O. C. Zafiriou, 1981a, Atmospheric 



Transport of Continentally Derived Lipids to the Tropical 

 North Pacific, Nature, 291: 312-314. 



E. T. Peltzer, and O C Zafiriou, 1981b, Organic Com- 

 pounds in Vapor Phase and Rain Samples from the Enewetak 

 Experiment, SEAREX Newsletter. 4: 31-35. 



O. C Zafiriou, E T. Peltzer, and J. B. Alford, 1982, Lipids 



in Aerosols from the Tropical North Pacific: Temporal Vari- 

 ability, J Geophvs Res., 87: 11133-11144. 



Ing, G. K. T., 1972, A Duststorm over Central China, 1969, 

 Weather. 27: 136-145. 



Lavoie, R L., 1963, Some Aspects of the Meteorology of the 

 Tropical Pacific Viewed from an Atoll, Atoll Res Bull., 96: 

 1-80. 



McDonald, R. L., C K Unni, and R. A. Duce, 1982, Estimation 

 of Atmospheric Sea Salt Dry Deposition: Wind Speed and 

 Particle Size Dependence, J Geophys. Res . 87: 1246-1250. 



Newell, R. E., J. W. Kidson, D. W. Vincent, and G. J. Boer, 

 1972, The General Circulation of the Tropical Atmosphere 

 and Interactions with Extratropical Latitudes, Vol. 1, MIT 

 Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 



Rahn, K. A., 1976, The Chemical Composition of the Atmo- 

 spheric Aerosol, Technical Report, Graduate School of 

 Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode 

 Island 



Reed, R J , and E E Recker, 1971, Structure and Properties of 

 Synoptic-Scale Wave Disturbances in the Equatorial Western 

 Pacific, J Atmos Sc> . 28: 11171 133. 



Schaule, B K., and C. C. Patterson, 1981, Lead Concentrations 

 in the Northeast Pacific: Evidence for Global Anthropogenic 

 Perturbations, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.. 54: 97-116. 



Settle, D. M., C. C. Patterson, K. K Turekian, and J. K. 

 Cochran, 1982, Lead Precipitation Fluxes at Tropical Oceanic 

 Sites Determined from ^"^b Measurements, J Geophys. 

 Res . 87: 1239-1245 



, and C C Patterson, 1982, Magnitudes and Sources of Pre- 

 cipitation and Dry Deposition Fluxes of Industrial and Natural 

 Leads to the North Pacific at Enewetak, J Geophys Res . 87: 

 8857-8869. 



Taylor, R. C, 1973, An Atlas of Pacific Islands Rainfall. Hawaii 

 Institute of Geophysics, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HIG- 

 73-9. 



Trenberth, K E., 1976, Spatial and Temporal Variations of the 

 Southern Oscillation, Quart Jour. Roi;al Meteor. Soc , 102: 

 639-653. 



Turekian, K. K., and J. K. Cochran, 1981a, The Temporal Varia- 

 tion of ^'"Pb Concentration in Surface Air and Precipitation at 

 Enewetak and Its Use in the Prediction of the Asian Dust Flux 

 to the Pacific, Nature. 292: 522-524 



and J K Cochran, 1981b, ^"^b in Surface Air at Enewetak 



and the Asian Dust Flux to the Pacific: A Correction, Nature. 

 294: 670. 



Weisel, C. P., 1981, The Atmospheric Flux of Elements from the 

 Ocean. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Rhode Island, Kings- 

 ton, Rhode Island. 



Woodcock, A. H., 1953, Salt Nuclei in Marine Air as a Function 

 of Altitude and Wind Force, J. Met.. 10: 362-371. 



