2,053 



This study analyzes the relationship between the development of new 



drugs (distinguished between "innovative" and "imitative" new drugs) and 



international activities of U.S. drug companies. It examines the causes 



and consequences of innovation; trends in the rate of drug innovation and 



factors influencing these trends; and characteristics of drug firms in terms 



of size, research investment, and innovativeness; the relation of innovative- 



ness to the foreign activities of individual firms ; and the diffusion of the use 



of a sample of 7 new drugs and the effect of the presence of manufacturing 



plants on the rate of diffusion. 



Curhan, Joan P. and Robert B. Stobaugh. A)i Exploratory Study Concerning 



Published Information Available on Channels Used by U.S.-Based Multinational 



Enterprises to Transfer Technology Internationally. Boston, Mass. Harvard 



University. (Prepared for the National Science Foundation). December 1974. 



283 p. (Available from NTIS as PB 243 434/8SL.) 



The report is an exploratory study to develop a conceptual framework 

 and determine the availability of data from public sources, in order to 

 assess the determinants and consequences of the selection of various channels 

 of marketing technology by multiproduct-multinational firms. Transactions 

 of three multinational firms are examined between 1946 and 1973. The 

 report provides a detailed method for collecting information, sources of 

 data, and available information on technology sales or transfer by product 

 for each firm. It provides preliminarj- insights into the complementarity 

 and substitutability of various channels for technologj^ sales by firms. 

 Developing World Industry and Technology, Inc. International Transfers of 

 Industrial Technology by U.S. Firms and Their Implications for the U.S. Econ- 

 omy. Jack Baranson, project director. Washington, Developing W orld Industry 

 and Technology, 1976. 



A report prepared for the Office of Foreign Economic Research, Bureau of 



International Labor Aff'airs, U.S. Dept. of Labor. Includes bibliographical 



references. 



Finan, William F. The International Transfer of Semiconductor Technology Throxigh 



U.S.-Based Firms. New York, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. 



Prepared in cooperation with Wharton Econometric Forecasting Associates, 



Inc., December 197.5. 15.5 p. (Prepared for the National Science Foundation, 



available from NTIS as PB-266 188/SL.) 



This stud}" analyzes the international pattern of exports, licensing, and 



foreign investments of the U.S. semiconductor industry, which has been 



dominant in technological innovations. It examines the different transfer 



channels and factors which determine a firm's selection of these channels to 



supply foreign markets. It also investigates the characteristics of the American 



firms most responsible for the transfer of technolog}' off-shore and the impact 



of foreign direct investment on trade patterns 



Foreign Direct Investment in the United States; Report of the Secretary of Commerce 



to the Congress in Compliance with the Foreign Investment Study Act of 1974 



(Public Law 93-479). [Washington] U.S. Dept. of Commerce [for sale by the 



Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.] 1976. 1 v. (various pagings). 



Volume 9: Appendix N — Policies and laws of other countries. — Appendix 

 O — Transfer of technology. — Appendix P — Accounting. — Appendix Q — 

 Federal agency sources of data. — Appendix R — Bibliography. 

 Gee, Sherman. "Foreign Technology and the United States Economy." Science, 

 V. 187, Feb. 21, 1975: 622-626. 



"Foreign technology' could be as helpful to this country as U.S. technology 

 has been aiding economic growth abroad." 

 National Academy of Engineering. Office of the Foreign Secretary and National 

 Research Council. Assembly of Engineering. Technology Transfer from Foreign 

 Direct Investment in the United States. W'ashington, D.C., 1976. 74 p. 



NAE and NRC seminars considered the question — Is the direct foreign 



investment in U.S. research, engineering, and development companies 



likely to lead to foreign takeover of U.S. technology? Seminar participants 



provided a 2-part answer: (1) technology inflow increases the U.S. technology 



!)ut doesn't diminish the supply elsewhere and outflow doesn't diminish the 



U.S. stock, and (2) foreign investment seems to have augmented U.S. 



technology. 



National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. Bibliography on Technology and Trade. 



New York, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. Aug. 1975. 351 p. 



(Prepared for National Science Foundation, available from NTIS as PB-266 



193/2SL.) 



