1870 



of a steady state either in the numbers of their populations or in 

 their industrial productivity." 



The study identifies as one requirement for long-range diplomatic 

 planning the establishment of a ". . . solid and scientific, factual base 

 of information about the food/population equation, for individual 

 nations, for the regions of the world, and worldwide." A priority item 

 which planning itself should address is the strengthening of the base 

 of education in all countries ". . . so that their peoples can understand 

 the reality of the problem, and to assure that the best available 

 technology bearing on the food/population equation is everywhere 

 available and in the hands of people competent to use it." ^^^ 



The complexity of long-range planning of the diplomatic aspects of 

 the global food/population equation results from the fact that the 

 problem ". . . cannot be considered in isolation." The separate 

 problems of food supply and population control interact with each 

 other and with investment, allocation of capital, job opportunities, 

 and social well-being in both urban and rural areas. Moreover, ". . . 

 population density affects the ability of human societies to preserve 

 the quality of life, to make available adequate resources to sustain 

 life, to maintain order, to govern, to insure the security of the individ- 

 ual from crime, to maintain the security of nations from tension or 

 even insurrection, and to reduce the possibility of international 

 conflicts." *®2 



Another way of expressing the dilemma, as perceived in the United 

 States, is that U.S. diplomats "... are faced with the job of urging 

 technological change on the leaders of the LDCs, even though such 

 change may have unsettling social and political consequences." As 

 the study indicates, "It seems paradoxical for the United States to 

 encourage the LDCs to adopt the new agricultural technology knowing 

 that there is a high risk of social turmoil, if a principal aim of U.S. 

 development assistance is to help bring about stability in those 

 countries." ^^ 



The hard choices facing U.S. diplomacy in dealing with the food/ 

 population equation are implicit in the proposition that the United 

 States is the foremost exporting nation of foods while the global food 

 supply to meet an expanding global population threatens in time 

 to become inadequate. On the other hand, quick solutions to the food/ 

 population equation in any nation under less than totalitarian control 

 can be highly disruptive politically. The requirement for long-range 

 and comprehensive policy planning by U.S. diplomats and policy 

 analysts to resolve this dilemma is too obvious to need stressing. 



ISSUE four: U.S. scientists abroad 



This study of the various arrangements for funding overseas study 

 of U.S. scientists identifies a deficiency in these programs: viz., the 

 skimpy data on the foreign experiences, contacts, and observations of 

 U.S. visitors abroad. Neither short-range nor long-range planning is 

 feasible without a solid base of information about the results of past 

 programs. 



56" Ibid., p. 862. 

 5«2 Ibid., p. 800. 

 M3 Ibid., p. 820. 



