1894 



Strengthening Executive Branch Management of Technological Diplomacy 

 In general terms, the institutions of U.S. diplomacy need to be 

 strengthened in three ways: First, it is necessary to improve their 

 knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses of technology as a source 

 of diplomatic influence and as a means of advancing global well- 

 being. Second, their understanding needs to be improved of the 

 techniques and skills of human organization necessary to mobilize 

 and coordinate efforts toward generally desirable goals. Third, it is 

 necessary to enhance public and political understanding, support, 

 and participation in setting and implementing diplomatic goals. 

 More specifically, the U.S. diplomatic machinery needs to be strength- 

 ened at three points: in the Executive Office of the President, in the 

 Department of State, and more broadly in all mission agencies with 

 overseas programs, responsibilities, and contacts. Particular attention 

 can be given at all of these points to reinforcing the constructive 

 purposes of the United Nations. 



THE EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT 



The institutional resources immediately available to the President 

 need to address themselves to providing intellectual leadership in 

 evolving intrinsically compelling diplomatic initiatives bearing on the 

 long-range future course of international events and trends. They 

 need to assure completeness in policies toward important contem- 

 porary questions of foreign policy generally. To these ends, there 

 would seem to be a need for (a) a review and broadening of the policy 

 definition of "the national security," (b) a close articulation by the 

 President's adviser on international affairs and his staff of the activi- 

 ties of the National Security Council with those of the President's 

 science and technology advisory apparat\is, and (c) a clear Presi- 

 dential insistence on effective performance by the Department of 

 State in coordinating U.S. policy in the United Nations and in the 

 exercise of international functions of U.S. departments and agencies. 



The Executive Office of the President would also seem to need 

 broader and more comprehensive contact and interaction with 

 national public opinion leaders and with the technological community 

 to identify significant trends and opportunities for new initiatives in 

 technological diplomacy. 



The Executive Office needs to be in position to challenge the 

 Department of State to analyze its data bearing on technological 

 diplomacy and to evaluate proposed policy initiatives in terms of 

 providing constructive options for their implementation. 



Clarification is needed of the respective roles of the Office of Manage- 

 ment and Budget, the Department of State, the mission agencies of 

 the Government, and the President's adviser on science and tech- 

 nology, in shaping U.S. participation in technical agencies and func- 

 tions associated with the United Nations, 



THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE 



To some extent the role of the Department of State is analogous to 

 that of the Department of Defense. Both departments are concerned 

 with the maintenance of peaceful relations with other states, and with 

 the preservation of the national security. The methods differ: the 



