2084 



Frank, Richard B. and Bruce W. Jenett. "Murky Waters: Private Claims to Deep 

 Ocean Seabed Minerals." Law and Policy in International Business, v. 7, fall 

 1975:1237-1270. 



Briefly describes deep ocean mining and discusses its economic significance, 



analyzes the Ely opinion, a private legal study commissioned by Deepsea 



Ventures, Inc. on applicable international law, and examines international 



and U.S. attempts to develop an international regime to control mining 



operations. 



Friedman, Lawrence A. "Legal Aspects of the International Whaling controversy: 



Will Jonah Swallow the Whales?" New York University Journal of International 



Law& Politics, v. 8, fall 1975: 211-239. 



Gives the background and issues of the whaling controversy, "analyzes 

 the past failures and present efforts of the International Whaling Commission 

 to provide for the orderly development of the whaling industry while pro- 

 tecting the whale population," and considers "American activity in the inter- 

 national and domestic spheres, including the enactment of important new 

 legislation designed to protect whales and other endangered species." 

 Graham, Nancy W. Fisheries Law: Unilateral or Multilateral Formulation. Woods 

 Hole Oceanographic Institution. (Prepared for National Oceanic and At- 

 mospheric Administration.) December 1976. 91 p. (Available from NTIS as 

 PB 264 266/8SL.) 



The various claims to controls over fisheries, examining systems of exploi- 

 tation of the fishery resources, considering the goals of proper management, 

 international cooperation and conflict avoidance are studied. The historical 

 struggle between the philosophies of freedom of the seas and territorial 

 control, the historical actions of the United States, international disputes 

 that have arisen out of unilateral actions of others, and finally the actions 

 which have emerged from the Law of the Sea Conferences are reviewed. 

 The report concludes with a statement of belief that a synthesis may be 

 reached incorporating our unilateral action, the Fishery Conservation Act, 

 within the framework of the economic zone established multilaterally through 

 the Law of the Sea Conference. Such a synthesis would represent a con- 

 sensus and have a binding effect on the parties. 

 Gregory, Gene. "Japan and the Law of the Sea: Uncertainties of the New Order." 

 Contemporary Review, v. 229, Sept. 1976: 131-137. 



Reviews the negotiations of the 3d Law of the Sea Conference through 

 the Geneva session in 1976, from the Japanese point of view. 

 Hill, Clarence A., Jr. U.S. Law of the Sea Position and Its Effect on the Operating 

 Navy: A Naval Officer's View. Ocean Development and International Law, v. 3, 

 No. 4, 1976: 341-359. 



Argues that the U.S. should accept the 200 mile economic zone and insist 

 on acceptance of the 3 mile territorial sea. Hill asserts that Kissinger's 

 continued insistence on extending the 3 mile territorial sea to 12 miles "can 

 only be regarded as another 'clause' in the detente agreement with the 

 Soviets, representing a major setback for our defense, unless he is able to 

 demonstrate how a 12-mile territorial sea serves the real interests in resources 

 and fish of the remainder of the free world." 

 Hollick, Ann L. "National Ocean Institutions: Research Needs. Ocean Develop- 

 ment and International Law Journal, v. 3, no. 2, 1975: 155-170. 



"This paper is concerned with research needs pertaining to national ocean 



institutions and to the policy process in which those institutions are engaged." 



Appendix provides a list of U.S. Government agencies engaged in ocean- 



Hollick, Ann L. "U.S. Oceans Policy: The Truman Proclamations." Virginia 

 Journal of International Law, v. 17, fall 1976: 23-55. 



This article examines the decision making process which led to the issuance 

 of the Truman Proclamations in 1945. The proclamations provided for con- 

 trol of the natural resources of the continental shelf contiguous to the U.S., 

 for determination of boundaries with adjacent states, anfl establishment of 

 conservation zones for fish in areas contiguous to the U.S. 

 Hollomon, J. Herljert, and others. An Analysis of the Potential Commercial and 

 Foreign Trade Impacts of the Sea Grant Program. Cambridge, Mass., Center for 

 Policy Alternatives, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1977. 102 p. 



Reports on the potential commercial value of the research being done 

 under the Sea Grant projects. 



