1689 



tion." However, a necessary first step was the formulation of national 

 science policy .^°^ Another speaker, former NASA Administrator James 

 E. Webb, cited the committee print which served as the prospectus 

 for the present study series,^"^ and commented that "just as this 

 [House Science and Astronautics] committee is reaching out for a 

 better understanding of the international opportunities inherent in 

 science, so is the Committee on Foreign Affairs reaching out to better, 

 understand the implications of science for diplomacy." ^°^ 



INTRODUCTION OF NATIONAL SCIENCE POLICY BILL 



The most recent development in the House Science and Technology 

 Committee's 10-year sequence was a series of hearings in 1973 and 

 1974 on Federal Policy, Plans, and Organization for Science and 

 Technology. These hearings led to introduction of a national science 

 policy bill (H.R. 4461) on March 6, 1975, and to two subsequent 

 revised versions by the same sponsors: H.R. 9058 (Julv30, 1975) and 

 H.R. 10230 (October 20, 1975.)^°* Once again, witnesses spoke of the 

 need for attention to international science and technology. For 

 example, Dr. Roger Revelle, president of the American Association 

 for the Advancement of Science, maintained that "scientific and 

 technical information must be one component in the broader context 

 of policyrnaking in the field of international affairs." ^°^ 



A significant feature of the resulting Public Law 94-282 (The National 

 Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 

 1976) is the articulation, in title I, of an explicit and detailed con- 

 ceptual framework for the Nation's pursuit of science and technology. 

 In essence, the title proposes as the finding of Congress that "the 

 general welfare, the security, the economic health and stability of the 

 Nation, the conservation and efficient utilization of its natural and 

 human resources, and the effective functioning of government and 

 society require vigorous, perceptive support and employment of science 

 and technology in achieving natural objectives." Goals of that policy 

 include "fostering leadership in the quest for international peace and 

 progress toward human freedom, dignity, and well-being by enlarging 

 the contributions of American scientists and engineers to the knowledge 

 of man and his universe, by making discoveries of basic science 

 widely available at home and abroad, and by utilizing technology in 

 support of United States national and foreign policy goals." Further, 

 one of the six policy principles in the bill has direct foreign policy 

 implications: 



(3) The conduct of science and technology operations so as to seTve domestic 

 needs while promoting foreign policy objectives. 



301 Ibid., p. 1459. 



302 U.S. Congress, House, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Toward a New Diplomacy in a Scientific Age, an 

 introduction to the study series on Science, Technology, and American Diplomacy: prepared for the Sub- 

 rflmmittee on National Security Policy and Scientific Developments by Franklin P. Huddle. Leeislative 

 Reference Service. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., April 1970. See vol. I, 

 pp. 1-35. 



203 Huddle, Science and Technology in the Department of State, vol. II, p. 1460. 



3<x H.R . 10230, "National Science and 'lecnnoiogy jfoucy ana urgamzanon Aci oi lyio,' was mtroaucea 

 by Committee Chairman Obn E. Teague and cosponsored by Ranliing Minority Member Charles A. 

 Mosher. The House passed H.R. 10230, as amended, on November 6, 1975, and sent it to the Senate, where 

 it was jointly referred to the Labor and Public Welfare, Commerce, and Aeronautical and Space Science 

 Committees. On February 4, 1976, the Senate passed H.R. 10230 after amending it to incorporate the sub- 

 stance of S. 32, which had meanwhile been jointly reported by the three committees. The bill was sent to 

 conference on February 26; a conference report was filed April 26 and agreed to shortly thereafter by both 

 Houses. The measure was sent to the President and signed into law May 11, 1976, as Public Law 94-282, the 

 National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976. 



305 Huddle, Scicrce and Technology in the Department of State, vol. II, p. 1461. 



