ENERGY 



Arad, Uzi B. and Barry J. Smernoff. American Security and the International 

 Energy Situation. Vol. I. Introduction and Summary. Croton-on-Hudson, 

 Hudson Institute, Inc. April 15, 1975. 41 p. (Available from NTIS as AD- 

 A028 478/6SL.) 



This report sets down the results of research on some of the significant 

 problems relating to energy and national security. The emphasis taken by 

 this study goes beyond the more obvious first-order issues, previously ana- 

 lyzed. It deals with less obvious but increasingly important problems, 

 including: (1) The relationship of the security of oil supplies to prevailing 

 market conditions in the past and in the future; (2) The more general ([ues- 

 tion of access to non-oil global resources and U.S. policy; (3) The scope of 

 oil revenues for domestic and foreign investment and patterns of economic 

 development and investment in Middle East oil producing countries; and 

 (4) The relationship of energj^ and American economic security and con- 

 comitant implications for security and foreign policy issues. 

 Arad, Uzi B. and Barry J. Smernoff. American Security and the International 

 Energy Situation, Vol. II. World Energy and the Security of Supply. Croton-on- 

 Hudson, Hudson Institute, Inc. April 15, 1976. 398 p. (Available from NTIS 

 as AD-A028 479/4SL.) 



In this volume the primary intent is to uncover the objective functional 

 relationship between import and export dependencies as they affect the reli- 

 ability of supply in the past and the future. Until recently, under the aegis 

 of American hegemony, and due to the role the oil multinationals played, 

 both oil exporting and oil importing countries exhibited a sufficiently high 

 degree of dependence on the trade in oil to bring about a symmetry in their 

 reciprocal conditions. The manipulation of oil supplies during the 1956-57 

 and 1967 Middle East crises was ineffective as an instrument of international 

 influence due to the particular balanced form of interdependence. Beginning 

 in 1970, the rise of OPEC against the background of American decline 

 disrupted the fragile symmetry and caused a widening disequilibrium between 

 oil importers and exporters. The scope of remedial policies to re-tructure 

 the energy system so as to enhance its security is surve.yed in the last two 

 chapters. Two cooperative strategies are analyzed: horizontal multilateralism 

 and vertical bilateralism. The study concludes that either of two unilateral 

 approaches are more likely to characterize future events in the energy area 

 than complex cooperative arrangements. 

 Atcheley, Dennis B. "Air Transportation of Radioactive Materials and Passenger 

 Protection Under International Law." California Western International Law 

 Journal, v. 5, spring 1975: 425-445. 



This is based on an analysis of the air transportation of radioactive materials 

 within the United States and evaluates the performance of domestic regula- 

 tions of these substances, as well as the impact of these regulations on inter- 

 national regulations. 

 Baker, Steven J. Conunercial Nuclear Power and Nuclear Proliferation. [Ithaca, 

 N.Y., Cornell University, peace studies program, 1975] 66 p. (Cornell Uni- 

 versity. Peace Studies Program. Occasional paper no. 5) 



"This paper surveys the development of the international nuclear energy 

 market, with particular reference to America's role in this process. The 

 emphasis is on the interplay between the commercial promotion of nuclear 

 energy and the proliferation of nuclear weapons, ])etween domestic and 

 foreign policies, and the implications of domestic energy policy choices for 

 future nuclear weapons proliferation." 

 Bakr, Abdel Abu. "IAEA Technical Cooperation Activities: Africa." IAEA 

 [International Atomic Energy Agency] Bulletin, v. 18, Fel)ruary 1976: 33-39. 

 Briefly outlines the distribution and value of International Atomic Energy 

 Agency technical assistance in Africa. 

 Barber (Richard J.) Associates. LDC Nuclear Power Prospects, 1976-1990: Com- 

 mercial, Economic & Security Implications. [Washington, U.S. Energy Research 

 and Development Administration, available from NTIS, 1975] 1 v. (various 

 pagings) 



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