3 66 



INDEX 



Thorndike, trial and error in higher animals, 

 250. 



Tiaropsis, localizing reaction, 200. 



Titchener, objective criteria of conscious- 

 ness, 278. 



Tonus, 252, 263. 



Torre} - , behavior of Sagartia, 196, 199, 210, 

 222, 224, 227; of Corymorpha, 210, 222. 



Trachelomonas, reaction to electric current, 



152. 



Tradescantia cells, effect of electric current, 

 167. 



Transverse position, of Paramecia in alter- 

 nating electric currents, 87; in constant 

 current, 95; of Hypotricha in constant 

 current, 154; of Spirostomum, 158; in- 

 fusoria in general, 163. 



Trepomonas, reaction method, 121. 



Trial movements, Amceba, 22; Paramecium, 

 48, 106, 108; Stentor, 177; Lacrymaria, 

 181; in hunter ciliates, 186; Hydra, 204; 

 medusa?, 220; sea anemones, 222; Cce- 

 lenterata in general, 230; in inverte- 

 brates in general, 238, 240, 251; flatworms, 

 243, 245, 246; earthworm, 247; leech, 248; 

 blowfly larva?, 249; hermit crabs, 250; 

 higher animals, 250, 272; general, 305; 

 339- 342. 



Trichocysts, 43; discharge, 90, 82, 186; func- 

 tion, 90. 



Tropisms, 237; local action theory of, 265- 

 274; various definitions, 274, 275. 



Tube, of Stentor, 170; formation of, 176; 

 in other infusoria, 181. 



Uexkiill, v., behavior of sea urchin, 234, 238, 



252; reflex, 281. 

 Ultra- red light, reaction of bacteria to, 36; 



ultra-violet light, reaction to, 72, 142. 

 Ulva, swarm spores, reaction to light, 143, 144. 



Urocentrum, attachment by mucus, 116, 



118. 

 Urostyla, reaction to gravity, 149. 



Variability in reactions, bacteria, 38; Para- 

 mecium, 49, 98, 279; other infusoria, 123; 

 Stentor, 176; coelenterates, 231; echino- 

 derms, 238, 239. 



Variations, individual, in behavior, 319, 321. 



Verworn, reaction of Amceba to electricity, 

 24; reaction of Pleuronema to light, 142; 

 of flagellates to electricity, 152; theory 

 of reaction to electricity, 167; tropism the- 

 ory, 266, 267, 269. 



Vitalism, 338, 344. 



Vorticella, 116; changes in reactions, 179; 

 duration of modifications, 179, 254; 

 spontaneous contractions, 181, 285, 286; 

 no periods of rest, 181, 284; rejection of 

 unsuitable food, 184. 



Wagner, behavior of Hydra, 191, 203, 217. 



Wallengren, lack of food in infusoria, 101; 

 lack of salts, 101; reaction to electric 

 current in Spirostomum, 157; in Opa- 

 lina, 159. 



Water currents, reaction to, in Paramecium, 



73- 

 Weber's law, in bacteria, 38; in fern sperma- 



tozoids, 123; general, 294. 

 Wilson, reaction of Hydra to light, 212; to 



oxygen, 216; food reactions, 219. 

 Wundt, reflex, 278. 



Yerkes, behavior of Gonionemus, 192, 21 r, 

 214, 219, 227; habit formation in Crus- 

 tacea, 255; nomenclature, 275; modi- 

 fiability of behavior, 290, 291. 



Yerkes and Huggins, habit formation in 

 Crustacea, 255. 



