374 HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO 



rufescens bicolor Wasmann. Colo. 



Taxonomy: G- C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 275-277, map 



(as rufescens Latr.). 

 Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 635-638, map. 



rufescens breviceps Emery. 



Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 275-277, map 



(as rufescens Latr.). 

 Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 638-641, map. 



rufescens umbratus W. M. Wheeler. Colo. 



Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 641-643, map. 



Superfamily VESPOIDEA 

 Family VESPIDAE 



Taxonomy: Bohart and Bechtel, 1957. Calif. Ins. Survey Bui. 4: 73-101, 

 34 text figs., 7 maps, 2 pis. (social Vespidae of Calif.). — Richards, 

 1962. A Revisional Study of the Masarid Wasps, 294 pp., 241 figs. 



Biology: Krombein, 1961. Wash. Acad. Sci. Jour. 51: 89-93, 6 figs, 

 (symbiosis between saproglyphid mites and solitary vespid 

 wasps). 



Richards (1962) proposed dividing the Vespidae into three families. 

 In North America the Vespidae would include the social wasps (Vespinae, 

 Polistinae and Polybiinae of the Catalog), and the solitary wasps would be 

 assigned to the Eumenidae (Zethinae and Eumeninae of the Catalog) and 

 the Masaridae (Masarinae and Euparagiinae of the Catalog). 



Genus VESPA Linnaeus, p. 875 

 crabro germana Christ. W. Va., Ohio, Ind., Ala. 



Genus VESPULA Thomson, pp. 875-877 



Revision: Miller, 1961. Canad. Ent., Supp. 22, Vol. 93, 52 pp. 



VESPULA subgenus VESPULA Thomson, pp. 875-877 



acadica (Sladen), changed status. 



Vespula (Vespiila) rufa acadica (Sladen). Restored to sp. rank (teste 



Miller, 1961, loc. cit. supra, p. 15). 

 Vespula (Vespula) rufa sladeni Bequaert (syn. by Miller, 1961, loc. cit. 



supra, p. 15). 



atropilosa (Sladen), changed status. 



Vespula (Vespula) rufa atropilosa (Sladen). Restored to sp. rank (teste 

 Miller, 1961, loc. cit. supra, p. 17). 



consobrina (Saussure), changed status. 



Vespula (Vespula) rufa consobrina (Saussure). Restored to sp. rank 

 (teste Bohart and Bechtel, 1957, loc. cit. supra, p. 79). 



intermedia (Buysson), changed status. 



Vespula (Vespula) rufa intermedia (Buysson). Restored to sp. rank 

 (teste Miller, 1961, loc. cit. supra, p. 23). 



maculifrons (Buysson). 



Biology: Haviland, 1962. Ent. Soc. Wash. Proc. 64: 181-183 (colony 

 size). 



pensylvanica (Saussure). 



Biology: Chapman, 1963. Ecology 44: 766-767 (predation on winged 

 ants). 



rufa acadica (Sladen). Raised to sp. rank. 



rufa atropilosa (Sladen). Raised to sp. rank. 



rufa consobrina (Saussure). Raised to sp. rank. 



