370 HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO 



perpilosa W. M. Wheeler. Wyo. 



Formica (Formica) perpilosa W. M. Wheeler. Transf. by Wilson and 



Brown, 1955. Psyche 62: 128. 

 Taxonomy: Wilson and Brown, 1955, loc. cit. supra, p. 128. 

 Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 611-613, map. 



FORMICA subgenus NEOFORMICA W. M. Wheeler, pp. 858-860 



Biology: Kannowski, 1959. Insectes Sociaux 6: 147 (flight comparisons). 



pallidefulva pallidefulva Latreille. 



Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 625-628, map. 



pallidefulva nitidiventris Emery. 



Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 628-630, map. 



schaufussi dolosa W. M. Wheeler. Va. to Fla. west to Iowa, Mo., Tex., and 

 Colo. 

 Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 630-632. 



FORMICA subgenus FORMICA Linnaeus, pp. 860-873 



Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 214-228, figs., 

 maps 54-60 (sanguinea group) ; pp. 229-252, figs., maps 61-71 

 (rufa group) ; pp. 252-253, map 72 (microgyna group) ; pp. 254- 

 258, figs., map. 73 (exsecta group) ; pp. 258-274, figs., maps 74- 

 79 {fusca group). 



Biology: Gosswald, 1957. Insectes Sociaux 4: 335-348, tables 1-9 (caste 

 determination in the genus ForTuica). — Kannowski, 1959. Insectes 

 Sociaux 6: 147. 



Morphology: Eisner, 1957, loc. cit. supra, pp. 473-474, pi. 25, figs. 100-103 

 (proventriculus) . 



Physiology: Osman and Kloft, 1961. Insectes Sociaux 8: 383-395 

 (venom). 



altipetens W. M. Wheeler. N. Dak., Mont., and B. C. to Mex. 



Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 260-261, map. 

 Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 507-509, map. 



aterrima Cresson. 



Taxonomy: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 544, 546. 



ciliata Mayr. N. Dak. Temporary parasite of Formica cinerea lepida W. M. 

 Wheeler. 

 Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 233-234, map. 

 Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 545-547, map. 



cinerea var. canadensis Santschi. Syn. of cinerea lepida W. M. Wheeler. 



cinerea lepida W. M. Wheeler. Sask., Utah, Tex. Host of temporary parasites, 

 Formica ciliata Mayr, F. dakotensis Emery and F. criniventris 

 W. M. Wheeler. 



Formica (Formica) cinerea var. canadensis Santschi (syn. by M. R. 

 Smith, 1960. Ent. Soc. Wash. Proc. 62: 251-252). 



Biology: G. C. and J. Wheleer, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 261-263, map. 



Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 509-512, 514, map. 



cinerea montana Emery. Ohio to Dakotas, Nebr., Colo., and N. Mex. 



Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc cit. supra, pp. 263-264, map. 

 Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 513-514, map. 



comata W. M. Wheeler. N. Dak. 



Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 547-548, 550, map. 



criniventris W. M. Wheeler. Probably a temporary parasite of F. cinerea 

 lepida W. M. Wheeler. 

 Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 234-236, fig., map. 

 Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 549-551, map. 



cariosa Creighton. 



Taxonomy: Wilson and Brown. 1955. Psyche 62: 123-125, fig. 2. 



