152 



Transactions. 



Inland from the foredune are — (1) unstable dimes; (2) dune -ho Hows ; 

 and (3) sand-plains. 



For purposes of description, the beach may be divided into two por- 

 tions — -(1) the south beach, extending from the New Brighton pier to 

 the Sumner Estuary ; (2) the north beach, reaching north from the pier 

 towards the River Waimakariri. 



The south portion is fronted all along by a prominent foredune. inland 

 to which is a small extent of dune. Farther inland still are found stable 

 sand-plains. At the extreme end, near the estuary, are found moist sand- 

 hollows. 



At the north end of the beach there is an artificial foredune for some 

 distance from the pier ; farther north there is no foredune. Here the 

 dunes extend farther inland than those of the southern beach ; the gently 

 undulating dune-land nearest the shore has little plant covering, the pingao 

 (Scirpus frondosus) being here, as usual on the active dune, the dominant 

 species. Farther inland the dunes are higher and the hollows deeper ; 

 and after rainfall there are numerous lakes, some of which dry up, but 

 others appear stagnant, and have a rich vegetation. 



List of Indigenous Species found on the Sand-dunes, New Brighton. 

 [N. refers to northern beach. S. to southern.] 



Species, Family, &c. 



Haliitat. 



FlLICES. 



Pteridium esculentum (Forst. f.). Cockayne 

 (common bracken fern) 



Gramineae. 



Calamagrostis Billardieri (R. Br.) Steud. 

 Arundo conspicua Forst. f. (toetoe) 

 Poa caespitosa Forst. f. (tussock-grass) 

 Festuca littoralis Labill. (tussock-grass) 



Cypeeaceae. 



Scirpus nodosus (R. Br.) Rottb. 



frondosus Banks & Sol. (pingao) 



Schoenus concinnus (Hook, f.) Cheesem. 

 Carex pumila Thunb. 



Restionaceae. 

 Leptocarpus simplex A. Rich. 



Juncaceae. 

 J uncus mnritimus Lam. var. australiensis Buch. 



LlLIACEAE. 



Phormium tenax Forst. (N.Z. flax) . . 



Ranunculaceae. 



Ranunculus acaulis Banks & Sol. 



Rosaceae. 



Acaena novae-zealandiae T. Kirk (piripiri) 

 Potentilla anserina L. var. anserinoides (Raoul) 

 T. Kirk 



Leguminosae. 

 Carmichaelia subulata T. Kirk (native broom) 



Heath, plain. S. 



Active dune, sand-hollow. N. 

 Stable dunes or shrub dunes. N. and S. 

 Dunes, active or semi-stable. N. and S. 

 Active dunes. N. and S. 



Dunes, plain, hollows. N. and S. 



Foredune, active dune. N. and S. 



Sand-hollow. 



Moist sand-hollow. N. and S. 



Plains, hollows, swampy places. N. 

 and S. 



Moist hollow, wet places. N. and S. 



Shrub dune onlv. N. 



Sand-hollow. S. 



Stable plains. N. and S. 

 Stable plains. N. and S. 



Shrub dune. 



